How to Fold (Baking)

In baking, to "fold" is the term used for gently combining a delicate mixture into a heavier textured, thicker mixture in a way that will ensure that both mixtures are properly combined without impeding the ability of both mixtures to work as desired. Folding is often concerned with ensuring that air bubbles in the lighter mixture are not burst by the heavier mixture.

The method of folding outlined here applies generally; always follow any additional folding instructions provided by your recipe.

Steps

1
Follow the recipe's instructions properly. Folding usually occurs after you have already mixed the mixtures separately in their own containers. While this means more work and dishes, it also means a better end result, so it's worth doing what the recipe asks!
2
Use a metallic spoon or a rubber spatula.^{[1]
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Research source} The thinness of either implement is important for making it easier to fold correctly.^{[2]
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3
Add the delicate mixture to the heavy mixture. Never do this the other way around, so as to avoid the risk of overwhelming the delicate mixture, and potentially bursting air bubbles, or causing other overwhelming reactions.^{[3]
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4
Use the metallic spoon or spatula in a cutting action. Cut down through the center of the two mixtures and bring the heavy mixture back up to the top. Baking 911 explains this as the: "down-across-up-and-over motion", which explains it well. Turn the bowl as you are doing this, to ensure that the folding is evenly distributed. Do not stir!
5
Continue until both mixtures are adequately combined. See "Tips" for avoiding over- or under-folding.^{[4]
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Community Q&A

Question

Can I use a mixer instead of a whipping machine?

Community Answer

Yes, you may use a mixer instead.
Question

Why not use an egg beater?

Community Answer

The batter-folding technique is for delicate items into which you don't want to incorporate a lot of air by mixing.
Question

What is the procedure of folding?

Becca Unthank

Community Answer

The procedure of folding is when you have to carefully combine two mixtures of different thickness and weight into one smooth mixture, slowly working them together.