How to Cite in Turabian Style

If you are writing an essay, research paper, thesis or another type of paper, it is usually required that you compile your references in a bibliography or a reference section at the end of your paper. Turabian style is a common citation style used to do this. It is composed of two different styles: the notes-bibliography style and the author-date style. Students of history, literature and the arts typically use the notes-bibliography style to cite their material. On the other hand, students of the physical, natural and social sciences typically use the author-date style to cite their material.[1] The styles are very similar, but they do have minor differences.

Method 1
Method 1 of 2:

Using the Notes-Bibliography Style

  1. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 1
    1
    Cite a book. Start your citation by reversing the author’s name, i.e., last, first, and close it with a period. Follow the author’s name with the title of the book italicized. Follow this with a period as well. Then type the publisher’s location, a colon, the publisher, a comma, and the year of publication. End the citation with a period. Try it for yourself![2]
    • For example: Eckhardt, Daisy. Healing Plants. New York: University Press, 2002.
    • If your book has two or more authors, then only reverse the name of the first author. The rest of the authors’ names should be in regular format. For example: Eckhardt, Daisy, John Glass, and Michael Briggs. Healing Plants and Medicine. New York: University Press, 2005.
  2. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 2
    2
    Cite a journal article. Begin your citation by reversing the author’s name, i.e., last, first, and follow this with a period. Type and quote the title of the journal article, and follow the title with a period. Then type and italicize the name of the journal with its volume number. Follow the volume number with a comma and the issue number. Place the year of publication in parenthesis followed by a colon and the inclusive page numbers. End the citation with a period. [3]
    • For example: Richard, Anna. “Race and Gender in the Classroom.” Race and Gender Studies 30, no. 2 (2010): 65-81.
    • If the journal article has more than one author, then only reverse the name of the first author. Type the rest of the authors’ names in regular format.
    • If you retrieved the journal article from online, then follow the inclusive page numbers with the access date and a URL (if it is an internet site), or the name of the database if it was retrieved from an online database. For example: Accessed March 15, 2015. https://www.loc.gov/. Or, Accessed March 15, 2015. Academic OneSearch.
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  3. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 3
    3
    Cite a magazine article. Start the citation by reversing the author’s name, i.e., first, last, and close it with a period. Type and quote the name of the magazine article and close it with a period. Type and italicize the magazine’s name followed by a comma and the date it was published. It's that simple![4]
    • For example: Doe, James. “How to Adopt a Cat.” Cats as Pets, August 15, 2009.
    • If the article has more than one author, then only reverse the first author’s name.
  4. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 4
    4
    Cite a newspaper article. Citing newspaper articles is easy! Begin the citation by reversing the author’s name followed by a period. Type and quote the title of the article, and close the title with a period. Type and italicize the name of the newspaper followed by a comma and the date it was published. Then type the date you accessed the article, a period, and the URL (if it was accessed online). End the citation with a period.
    • For example: Moore, Katherine. “Women in Combat.” Houston Times, January 16, 2007. Accessed June 11, 2009.
    • If the article has more than one author, then only reverse the first author’s name.
  5. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 5
    5
    Cite a website. Begin the citation by reversing the first author’s name followed by a period. Type and quote the article’s title and close it with a period. Type the name of the website and close it with a period. Then type the date of publication, a period, the date you accessed the article, a period, and the URL. End the citation with a period.[5]
    • For example: Davis, Ashley. “Ten Places You Should Visit This Summer.” Travel. May 21, 2016. Accessed June 5, 2016. http://www.travel.com/2016/98/02/ten-places-you-should-visit-this-summer-555849578.
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Method 2
Method 2 of 2:

Using the Author-Date Style

  1. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 6
    1
    Cite a book. Start the citation by reversing the first author’s name followed by a period. Type the year of publication and close it with a period. Type and italicize the book’s title and close it with a period. Then type the publisher’s location, a colon, and the publisher. End the citation with a period. Now it is your turn to try![6]
    • For example: Beal, Kristin. 2008. The Mongolian Empire. Chicago: University Press.
    • If the book has more than one author, then only reverse the first author’s name. The rest of the authors’ names should be in regular format. For example: Beal, Kristin, Kathy Davis, and Brent Flowers. The Mongolian Empire. Chicago: University Press.
  2. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 7
    2
    Cite a journal article. Citing journal articles is simple! Begin the citation by reversing the author’s name and close it with a period. Type the year of publication. Type and quote the article’s title and close it with a period. Type and italicize the name of the journal with its volume number. Follow the volume number with a comma, the issue number, the publication month/season in parenthesis, a colon, and the inclusive page numbers. End the citation with a period.[7]
    • For example: Grant, Allen. 2007. “Kindergarteners and Gender.” Journal of Gender Studies 35, no. 10 (June): 30-45.
    • Remember to only reverse the first author’s name if there is more than one author.
    • If you retrieved the article from online or a database, then follow the inclusive page numbers with the access date and URL or the name of the database. For example: 30-45. Accessed December 15, 2011. https://www.loc.gov/, or Academic OneSearch.
  3. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 8
    3
    Cite a magazine article. Start the citation by reversing the author’s name and close it with a period. Type the publication date and close it with a period. Type and quote the article’s title followed by a period. Type and italicize the name of the magazine. Follow the name with a comma and the month and day of publication. Try it for yourself![8]
    • For example: Rodgers, Will. 2005. “Just Keep Swimming.” San Diego Times, July 18.
    • Only reverse the first author’s name if the article has more than one author.
    • If you accessed the article online or through a database, then follow the month and day of publication with the URL and the date accessed in parenthesis. For example: Rodgers, Will. 2005. “Just Keep Swimming.” San Diego Times, July 18. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document?_z=mlfjkcunum=4&68dfd=kjljlkjl (accessed May 29, 2005).
  4. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 9
    4
    Cite a newspaper article. Begin by reversing the author’s name. Close it with a period. Type the publication date and a period. Type and quote the article’s title and close it with a period. Type and italicize the name of the newspaper. Follow the name with a comma, the publication month and day, and a period. Then type the date you accessed the article. Follow this with a URL if you accessed the article online. Always end the citation with a period. Give it a try![9]
    • For example: Collins, Brigette. 2004. “Stop and Smell the Roses.” Los Angeles Times, October 29. Accessed November 4, 2004.
  5. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 10
    5
    Cite a website. Start the citation by reversing the author’s name. Close it with a period. Type the year of publication and a period. Type and quote the article’s title and close it with a period. Type the name of the website and a period. Type the publication month, day, and a period. Follow this with the date you accessed the article, a period, and the URL. End the citation with a period. It is really that easy![10]
    • For example: Tidwell, Charles. 2006. “Summer Music Festivals in Chicago.” Chicago Events. May 15. Accessed July 20, 2006. http://chicagoevents.com/2006/summer-music-festivals-in-chicago.html
  6. Image titled Cite in Turabian Style Step 11
    6
    Parenthesize the author’s last name and date. Do this if you are making an in-text citation. If you are quoting someone directly, then place the page number in the parenthesis as well. Place the citation before the period at the end of the sentence.[11]
    • For example: It takes 365 days for the earth to travel around the sun (Davis 2007).
    • If it is a direct quote: “It takes 365 days for the earth to travel around the sun,” (Davis 2007, 65).
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References

  1. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html
  2. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html
  3. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html
  4. ↑ https://lib.trinity.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Turabian-Notes-Citations.pdf
  5. ↑ https://lib.trinity.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Turabian-Notes-Citations.pdf
  6. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html
  7. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html
  8. ↑ https://lib.trinity.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Turabian-9th-ed-Author-Date_rev.pdf
  9. ↑ https://lib.trinity.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Turabian-9th-ed-Author-Date_rev.pdf
  1. ↑ https://lib.trinity.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Turabian-9th-ed-Author-Date_rev.pdf
  2. ↑ http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian/turabian_citationguide.html

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Updated: July 13, 2021
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