Find out how these 2 odorous animals differ in their origins, coloring, and size

Growing up, you might have heard a neighbor call a skunk a polecat as they shooed one out of their lawn. So, you might be surprised to learn that a polecat is not another term for a skunk; it’s actually a completely different animal! Whether you’re just now learning about polecats or are simply curious about these 2 stinky, but cute, animals, we’ll tell you how to tell them apart. Read on to learn more!

Things You Should Know

  • Skunks live in North America while polecats are found in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
  • Polecats are typically dark brown with white face markings, while skunks are usually black with distinctive white stripes.
  • Skunks have large, bushy tails unlike polecats’ long, sleek tails.
  • Polecats live in pastures, marshes, and meadows, while skunks prefer forest edges.
1

Origin

  1. Polecats live in Europe, Asia, and Africa while skunks are North American. Polecats and skunks are actually found on 2 different sides of the planet! You’ll find polecats all across western Europe, Russia, Mongolia, and sub-Saharan Africa.[1] Skunks are from across the pond and are only found in Canada, the United States, and across northern Mexico.[2]
    • It's a common belief that English colonists originally mixed up skunks for polecats. They saw the similar patterns on skunks, smelled their musky odor, and mistakenly called them polecats.
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2

Coloring

  1. Skunks are black with a white stripe, while polecats are usually brown. It’s hard to miss a skunk, with their shiny, jet black fur and distinct white stripes.[3] Polecats, on the other hand, are typically dark brown. Instead of white markings on their body, polecats have white fur on their mouths and across their eyebrows. This gives them a cute “mask” that’s similar to a raccoon's face markings.[4]
    • The African polecat, or zorilla, is probably the most similar looking to a skunk. Their fur is dark brown or black with white spots and stripes marking their bodies.[5]
6

Habitat

  1. Skunks live in forest edges, while polecats live in grasslands. For the most part, skunks are woodland animals, making their burrows and dens in hollow trees. They often live in more residential areas, so it’s not uncommon to see them running across your lawn, too.[12] Polecats aren’t as common in forests, and are usually found in lowland areas like pastures, marshes, and along rivers.[13]
    • If there’s a skunk taking up residence in your yard, it’s easy to get rid of them. Just keep your trashcan closed, sweep up birdseed, and put your dog’s food inside. Skunks are nocturnal, so placing motion-sensor lights on your house can scare them away, too.
    • Skunks are natural pest controllers, so if they aren’t causing damage to your lawn, you might want to let them stay!
8

Relationship with Humans

  1. Skunks might get more aggressive than polecats. While skunks don’t typically attack unless they’re threatened, they might be more likely to than polecats. If you see a skunk in your yard, give them space to keep them, you, and your animals happy.[16] Because polecats are more solitary, they tend to be skittish around humans.[17]
    • If your dog does get sprayed by a skunk, remove the odor by washing them with skunk-removal shampoo. Or, make your own solution by mixing together 1 quart (0.95 L) of hydrogen peroxide, ¼ cup (52 g) of baking soda, and 1 teaspoon (5 mL) of dish soap.
9

Classification

  1. Polecats are in the Mustelidae family, while skunks are in Mephitidae. Skunks and polecats were previously believed to both belong to the animal family Mustelidae. Recently, scientists discovered that a skunk’s genetic makeup is actually pretty different from a polecat’s. So, they reclassified skunks into their own family, called Mephitidae.[18]
    • Polecats are more closely related to weasels, martens, otters, minks, and badgers.
    • Stink badgers are the only other animal in the family Mephitidae.
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10

Smell

  1. Skunks might be smellier than polecats. Both polecats and skunks are well known for their pungent odor. They release the musky stench from their anal scent glands, which stops predators in their tracks. Skunks might be more notorious for their smell, but there’s no true way to know who’s the stinkiest. African polecats can definitely hold their own, and are known to keep even the fiercest of lions at bay![19]
    • Skunks can spray their odor as far as 15 feet (4 m). Even more impressive is the fact that you can smell their spray about 1 mile (2 km) away![20]

About This Article

Devin McSween
Co-authored by:
wikiHow Staff Writer
This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Devin McSween. Devin McSween is a wikiHow Staff Writer. With a background in psychology, she has presented her research in social psychology at a variety of conferences and has contributed to several manuscripts for publication. At wikiHow, Devin combines her love of writing and research with the goal of bringing accessible information to wikiHow readers that will help them learn and grow. She earned her BS in Psychology from the College of Charleston. This article has been viewed 1,726 times.
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Co-authors: 3
Updated: February 18, 2023
Views: 1,726
Categories: Pets and Animals
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