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This article was co-authored by Devin Fisher, CCC-SLP. Devin Fisher is a Speech-Language Pathologist based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Devin specializes in speech and language therapy for individuals with aphasia, swallowing, voice, articulation, phonological social-pragmatic, motor speech, and fluency disorders. Furthermore, Devin treats cognitive-communication impairment, language delay, and Parkinson's Disease. He holds a BS and MS in Speech-Language Pathology from Fontbonne University. Devin also runs a related website and blog that offers speech-language therapy resources and information for clinicians and clients.
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Many people feel insecure about their speech impediments, whether they're dealing with a lisp or an inability to articulate words. Although it may not seem like it—particularly if you have been dealing with this problem for years—you may be able to get rid of or improve your speech impediment with a few speech-training practices and some major confidence-boosters. And don't forget to seek out the professional opinion of a speech and language therapist/pathologist for more information.
Steps
Part 1
Part 1 of 4:
Helping Yourself with a Speech Disorder
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1Try books and tapes on spoken English. Allot two to three hours each day to practice how to pronounce words properly, pace your speech, and practice articulation. Take down notes of words and sentences that you find difficult or tricky to pronounce.[1]
- One modern approach is to use technology. There are apps that can run on smartphones and tablets that listen to what you say and then give you feedback. For example, on Android there is the free app "Talking English." You can also find similar apps in the Apple App Store.
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2Read out loud. Choose some speeches, short stories, or poems from a college English textbook (or any other text you like), and read them aloud. That way, you can concentrate on the sounds and muscle movements involved in each word and not have to worry about coming up with the words yourself.[2]Advertisement
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3Practice the sounds you're having trouble saying. Start with just the sound before you try to work up to words. For instance, if you have trouble pronouncing "s" sounds, start by just saying "s" over and over until it's clear. Then, add in vowel sounds, and eventually build up to using words with that sound.[3]
- This can take a while, so be patient and keep trying.[4]
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4Record your practice sessions.[5] Use a hand-held voice recorder, or speak through a microphone connected to a stereo set or boom box. Doing so allows you the chance to review your sessions and track your progress. Practicing correct pronunciation, enunciation and diction may sound like a lot of hard work, but all the dedication does pay off. You will feel so proud once you have made significant improvement and you listen back on one of your very first sessions.
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5Take your time. Speaking slowly may be frowned upon by some people, but slow and careful speaking is a very effective way to express yourself when you have a speech disorder.[6] You don't have to speak very slowly; merely speak in a pace that's comfortable for you and your listeners. A steady pace is better than speaking in a fast pace, especially if you want to send the intended meaning of your message across.
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Part 2
Part 2 of 4:
Using Your Body to Improve Speech
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1Maintain good posture. Speech delivery depends on physical body mechanics just as it counts on verbals factors like inflection. If you keep your back bent and hunch your shoulders, you don't allow enough air to exert pressure on your diaphragm or pass through your larynx (voice box). The best public speakers and orators often maintain proper speaking posture, which includes:[7]
- Stomach in
- Chest out
- Shoulders relaxed
- Back straight
- Feet steady
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2Support your speech from the diaphragm. The proper standing and sitting posture means that you draw your voice not directly from the larynx, but from the diaphragm. You also relieve pressure on your larynx by relaxing your shoulders, which means that you would talk in your natural pitch. If you keep your feet flat and steady, you also give yourself a very stable vertical base to support your body when you talk.[8]
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3Practice diaphragmatic breathing. Sometimes, impediments in speech, like stuttering, grow from nerves and anxiety. Before you have to speak in front of a group, go through a deep breathing activity to calm your nerves, relax your body, and get you in the right mental state for proper speech.[9]
- Sit comfortably and with an erect posture. Breathe in deeply through your nose. You should use your hand to feel your stomach expanding like a balloon being inflated. Hold the breath and then release it slowly, feeling your stomach deflating beneath your hand. Repeat this exercise before you have to speak publicly to relieve stress.
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4Stand tall. Another great advantage to proper posture is that you look and feel good whenever you're speaking, whether it's a formal speaking engagement or a chat over lunch. Proper posture boosts your confidence, and tells people that you know what you're talking about.[10]
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Part 3
Part 3 of 4:
Getting Professional Help
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1Get assessed by a local speech and language therapist. This professional will diagnose your specific speech disorder and discover the causes. Then, they will decide which interventions will be most helpful in enabling you to speak correctly. The therapist will determine how much speech therapy you need, and you should regularly attend therapy for the best results. Therapists are capable of improving speech impediments in both children and adults.[11]
- Speech therapy is helpful for correcting your impediment. The therapist will point out the part of speech where you're having problems, and will work with you to correct it. Private speech therapy sessions do not come cheap, although most insurance policies will fund services needed to treat speech disorders.
- There's no substitute for learning and practice when it comes to the proper and effective use of language. Take every opportunity to speak, to practice and brush up on the correct pronunciation and enunciation provided to you by a professional.
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2See a speech and language pathologist or a psychologist. These practitioners can help you overcome your speech impediments if they are caused by emotional distress or learning disabilities. Counseling provided by the professional is very useful if you need to break out of your silence and to talk about your problems, your frustrations, or your own personal tragedy. Such interventions might help you come to terms with anxiety and learn effective ways of coping that still enable you to speak properly.[12]
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3Get braces. If you have misaligned teeth, you may have difficulty pronouncing some words because of a lisp. Most malocclusions are corrected through braces. Braces pull, push, and adjust individual teeth to correct your bite. The problem with braces is that they often cause a speech impediment, especially when the springs, bands and wires of a set of braces are adjusted every month.[13]
- Every time the dentist adjusts your braces (or even dentures), you need to train yourself to talk and to eat properly. It may be quite painful at first, but remember not to go too far, lest you end up with a mouth injury.
- Most braces are used for orthodontic purposes, although some braces can be used as decorations. Braces are rather expensive, and you may need to take out a dental plan or cash in on dental insurance to pay for them.
- Kids and teenagers don't like to wear braces because they're often teased as “metal mouths” or “railroad faces.” The fact is that braces are still the best way to correct a lisp caused by misaligned teeth.
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Part 4
Part 4 of 4:
Assessing Your Speech Disorder
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1Look for possible physical causes to your speech disorder. Features that present at birth or due to physical injuries may result in medical conditions that limit your ability to speak. Many of these physical conditions can be rectified with proper speech and medical treatment.
- Cleft lips and palates were a major cause of speech impediments until surgery became affordable. Now, children born with clefts can have reconstructive surgery and a multidisciplinary team of providers that help with feeding and speech and language development.[14]
- Malocclusion is when the teeth do not have the proper normal bite. Malocclusions are usually corrected through braces, although orthodontic surgery is necessary in some cases. Individuals with this condition may talk with a lisp, make a whistle sound when certain words are spoken, or mumble.
- Neurological disorders caused by accidents or brain and nerve tumors can cause a speech disorder called dysprosody. Dysprosody involves difficulty in expressing the tonal and emotional qualities of speech such as inflection and emphasis.
- Muscle weakness, called dysarthria, can cause your speech to be slurred.[15]
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2Determine if the cause is a learning disability. Dyslexia and other learning disabilities can prevent a person from learning how to speak properly. Children who suffer from learning disabilities often have speech impediments, although they can be overcome through speech therapy.[16]
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3Consider if your speech disorder was caused by an emotional problem. People who suffer from traumatic experiences may on rare occasions develop speech problems like stammering and stuttering. A death in the family, a horrible accident, or a crime can often affect the ability of a person to speak clearly.[17]
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4Find out whether your speech impediment is permanent. Some speech impediments are permanent, especially when caused by neurological disorders. On the other hand, a speech impediment may be the result of not having been taught how to speak clearly and communicate effectively. If you or your child are not taught proper speech practices at school or at home as a youth, it could lead to a speech impediment. These conditions, however, can generally be overcome.
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5See if your speech impediment is genetic. On the other hand, many people with speech impediments encounter these problems because it runs in their families. In fact, research shows that inherited speech and language impairments are more likely to occur the more individuals in the family are affected. In other words, if both parents and one sibling have a speech disorder, the other sibling has a higher chance of having one as well.[18]
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Expert Q&A
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QuestionWhat are some common speech disorders in kids?
Devin Fisher, CCC-SLPDevin Fisher is a Speech-Language Pathologist based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Devin specializes in speech and language therapy for individuals with aphasia, swallowing, voice, articulation, phonological social-pragmatic, motor speech, and fluency disorders. Furthermore, Devin treats cognitive-communication impairment, language delay, and Parkinson's Disease. He holds a BS and MS in Speech-Language Pathology from Fontbonne University. Devin also runs a related website and blog that offers speech-language therapy resources and information for clinicians and clients.
Speech Language PathologistIn kids, the most common types of speech disorders are typically considered either an articulation or phonological disorder. Articulation disorders are when you notice a child is having issues with specific speech sounds like "s" or "t." A phonological disorder would be something like they're dropping all the ends of their words.
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QuestionWhat causes speech disorders in adults?Devin Fisher, CCC-SLPDevin Fisher is a Speech-Language Pathologist based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Devin specializes in speech and language therapy for individuals with aphasia, swallowing, voice, articulation, phonological social-pragmatic, motor speech, and fluency disorders. Furthermore, Devin treats cognitive-communication impairment, language delay, and Parkinson's Disease. He holds a BS and MS in Speech-Language Pathology from Fontbonne University. Devin also runs a related website and blog that offers speech-language therapy resources and information for clinicians and clients.
Speech Language PathologistIt can be really hard to find a definite basis for why a disorder is happening. However, it's usually something that comes along from a secondary issue, such as a neurological condition, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. They might also have muscle weakness, called dysarthria, that causes their speech to be slurred.Support wikiHow by unlocking this expert answer.
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QuestionHow do you treat a speech disorder?Devin Fisher, CCC-SLPDevin Fisher is a Speech-Language Pathologist based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Devin specializes in speech and language therapy for individuals with aphasia, swallowing, voice, articulation, phonological social-pragmatic, motor speech, and fluency disorders. Furthermore, Devin treats cognitive-communication impairment, language delay, and Parkinson's Disease. He holds a BS and MS in Speech-Language Pathology from Fontbonne University. Devin also runs a related website and blog that offers speech-language therapy resources and information for clinicians and clients.
Speech Language PathologistUsually it takes a lot of practice and exercises. The amount of repetition needed varies a lot from person to person.Support wikiHow by unlocking this expert answer.
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Warnings
- See a Speech Pathologist who maintains their Certification of Clinical Competence from the American Speech and Hearing Association. These professionals are able to evaluate, diagnose and treat speech impairments. Nothing replaces sound medical advice from a specialist.⧼thumbs_response⧽
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References
- ↑ https://www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/2018-10/Camperdown%20Program%20Treatment%20Guide%20June%202018.pdf
- ↑ https://www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/2018-10/Camperdown%20Program%20Treatment%20Guide%20June%202018.pdf
- ↑ Devin Fisher, CCC-SLP. Speech Language Pathologist. Expert Interview. 15 January 2021.
- ↑ Devin Fisher, CCC-SLP. Speech Language Pathologist. Expert Interview. 15 January 2021.
- ↑ https://www.stutteringhelp.org/sites/default/files/Migrate/Book_0012_tenth_ed.pdf
- ↑ https://www.stutteringhelp.org/sites/default/files/Migrate/Book_0012_tenth_ed.pdf
- ↑ http://www.coli.uni-saarland.de/~steiner/publications/ISSP2014.pdf
- ↑ https://sps.columbia.edu/news/five-ways-improve-your-body-language-during-speech
- ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/breathing-exercises-for-stress/
- ↑ https://sps.columbia.edu/news/five-ways-improve-your-body-language-during-speech
- ↑ http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/sight/speech_disorders.html#
- ↑ https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/stuttering
- ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001058.htm
- ↑ http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/CleftLip/
- ↑ Devin Fisher, CCC-SLP. Speech Language Pathologist. Expert Interview. 15 January 2021.
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/developmentaldisabilities/language-disorders.html
- ↑ https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=stuttering-90-P02290
- ↑ https://raisingchildren.net.au/preschoolers/development/language-development/stuttering
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The content of this article is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, examination, diagnosis, or treatment. You should always contact your doctor or other qualified healthcare professional before starting, changing, or stopping any kind of health treatment.
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