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Chapter 23

Electromagnetic Waves

Book Version 3
By Boundless
Boundless Physics
Physics
by Boundless
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Section 1
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Radio Waves

Radio waves are EM (Electromagnetic)waves that have wavelengths between 1 millimeter and 100 kilometers (or 300 GHz and 3 kHz in frequency).

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Microwaves

Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter (frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz).

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Infrared Waves

Infrared (IR) light is EM radiation with wavelengths longer than those of visible light from 0.74 µm to 1 mm (300 GHz to 1 THz).

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Visible Light

Visible light is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye, ranging from roughly 390 to 750 nm.

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Ultraviolet Light

Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light in the range 10 nm to 400 nm.

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X-Rays

X-rays are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths in the range of 0.01 to 10 nanometers and energies in the range of 100 eV to 100 keV.

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Gamma Rays

Gamma rays are very high frequency electromagnetic waves usually emitted from radioactive decay with frequencies greater than 1019 Hz.

Section 2
Electromagnetic Waves and their Properties
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Maxwell's Equations

Maxwell's equations help form the foundation of classical electrodynamics, optics, and electric circuits.

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The Production of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are the combination of electric and magnetic field waves produced by moving charges.

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Energy and Momentum

Electromagnetic waves have energy and momentum that are both associated with their wavelength and frequency.

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The Speed of Light

The speed of light in a vacuum is one of the most fundamental constant in physics, playing a pivotal role in modern physics.

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The Doppler Effect

The Doppler Effect is the change in a wave's perceived frequency that results from the source's motion, the observer, and the medium.

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Momentum Transfer and Radiation Pressure Atom

Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface exposed to electromagnetic (EM) radiation.

Section 3
Applications of EM Waves
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Wireless Communication

Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.

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Electromagnetic Waves
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