group

Chemistry

(noun)

A column in the periodic table that consists of elements with similar chemical reactivity, because they have the same number of valence electrons.

Related Terms

  • Lewis Symbols for Atoms
  • atomic number
  • Lewis structure
  • period
  • Noble Gases
  • Lewis symbol

(noun)

A vertical column in the periodic table, which signifies the number of valence shell electrons in an element's atom.

Related Terms

  • Lewis Symbols for Atoms
  • atomic number
  • Lewis structure
  • period
  • Noble Gases
  • Lewis symbol
Sociology

(noun)

A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.

Related Terms

  • primary group
  • Close friends
  • relationship
  • Secondary groups
Management

(noun)

A number of things or persons that have some relationship to one another. A subset of a culture or of a society.

Related Terms

  • Transformational Leadership
  • Synergy
  • team
  • teams
  • groups
  • groupthink

(noun)

A number of things or persons in some relation to one another.

Related Terms

  • Transformational Leadership
  • Synergy
  • team
  • teams
  • groups
  • groupthink

Examples of group in the following topics:

  • Functional Groups

    • Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity when treated with certain reagents.
    • A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavior when it is present in a compound.
    • Because of their importance in understanding organic chemistry, functional groups have characteristic names that often carry over in the naming of individual compounds incorporating specific groups.
    • In the following table the atoms of each functional group are colored red and the characteristic IUPAC nomenclature suffix that denotes some (but not all) functional groups is also colored.
  • Secondary Groups

    • Secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal oriented; their relationships are temporary.
    • Unlike first groups, secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal oriented.
    • In contrast to primary groups, secondary groups don't have the goal of maintaining and developing the relationships themselves.
    • He labeled groups as "primary" because people often experience such groups early in their life and such groups play an important role in the development of personal identity.
    • Primary groups can form within secondary groups as relationships become more personal and close.
  • Primary and Secondary Groups

    • A Primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
    • Families and close friends are examples of primary groups
    • Secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal-oriented.
    • People in a secondary group interact on a less personal level than in a primary group.
    • He labeled groups as "primary" because people often experience such groups early in their life and such groups play an important role in the development of personal identity.
  • Primary Groups

    • A primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
    • A primary group is a group in which one exchanges implicit items, such as love, caring, concern, support, etc.
    • Examples of these would be family groups, love relationships, crisis support groups, and church groups.
    • A primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
    • Examples of these would be family groups, love relationships, crisis support groups, and church groups.
  • Reference Groups

    • Reference groups are groups that consumers will look to for help in making purchasing decisions.
    • Reference groups are groups that consumers compare themselves to or associate with.
    • On the other hand, if a reference group disapproves of a product, those that associate with that group will probably not purchase the product.
    • Reference groups can be either formal or informal.
    • In the consumer world, this means that if a reference group purchases a product, those that associate with the group likely will as well.
  • Defining Boundaries

    • Social groups are defined by boundaries.
    • Cultural sociologists define symbolic boundaries as "conceptual distinctions made by social actors…that separate people into groups and generate feelings of similarity and group membership. " In-groups, or social groups to which an individual feels he or she belongs as a member, and out-groups, or groups with which an individual does not identify, would be impossible without symbolic boundaries.
    • Where group boundaries are considered permeable (e.g., a group member may pass from a low status group into a high status group), individuals are more likely to engage in individual mobility strategies.
    • Here, without changing necessarily the objective resources of in the in-group or the out-group, low status in-group members are still able to increase their positive distinctiveness.
    • This may be achieved by comparing the in-group to the out-group on some new dimension, changing the values assigned to the attributes of the group, and choosing an alternative out-group by which to compare the in-group.
  • Effects of Group Size on Attitude and Behavior

    • This makes sense if the size of the group has consequences for the way group members relate with each other.
    • Individual behavior deviates substantially in a group setting; therefore, it is difficult to determine group behavior by looking solely at the individuals that comprise the group.
    • Group attitudes and behavior depend upon several variables: size, structure, the purpose that the group serves, group development and various influences upon a group.
    • Group dynamics refers to a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group or between social groups.
    • Sociologists study interactions within groups, and between both groups and individuals.
  • Group Membership

    • Audience members who belong to the same group are likely to share values, beliefs, and attitudes with other members of the group.
    • The members of your audience may be from different groups or they may all be part of the same group.
    • Some group memberships involved selection by other group members and initiation into the group.
    • Secondary groups, in contrast to primary groups, are large groups involving formal and institutional relationships.
    • The formation of primary groups happens within secondary groups.
  • Functional Groups

    • In organic chemistry, a functional group is a specific group of atoms or bonds within a compound that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that compound.
    • Functional groups also play an important part in organic compound nomenclature; combining the names of the functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes provides a way to distinguish compounds.
    • Functional groups play a significant role in directing and controlling organic reactions.
    • Alcohols are a common functional group (-OH).
    • Define the term "functional group" as it applies to organic molecules
  • In-Groups and Out-Groups

    • In-groups are social groups to which an individual feels he or she belongs, while an individual doesn't identify with the out-group.
    • In-group favoritism refers to a preference and affinity for one's in-group over the out-group or anyone viewed as outside the in-group.
    • The out-group homogeneity effect is one's perception of out-group members as more similar to one another than are in-group members, e.g.
    • "they are alike; we are diverse. " The out-group homogeneity effect has been found using a wide variety of different social groups, from political and racial groups to age and gender groups.
    • Recall two of the key features of in-group biases toward out-groups
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