framing

Examples of framing in the following topics:

• Steel-Frame Construction

  • Steel frame construction is a building technique in which vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams form a 'skeleton frame'.
  • Steel frame usually refers to a building technique with a 'skeleton frame' of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof, and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame.
  • The steel frames need to be protected from fire, as steel softens at high temperature and can cause the building to partially collapse.
  • Steel framing is inherently less energy efficient than wood as it is a conductor.
  • Construction with steel framing contributes to thermal bridges between the outside environment and interior conditioned space.

• Understanding Concepts

  • A frame is a context for understanding or interpretation.
  • In the process of framing, the information being presented is based on the same facts, but the ‘frame' in which it is presented changes, thus creating different perception.
  • We do not look at an event and then "apply" a frame to it; rather we see the world itself through our pre-existing frames.
  • Frames are generally considered in one of two ways: as frames in thought, consisting of the mental representations, interpretations, and simplifications of reality; and as frames in communication, consisting of the communication of frames between different actors.
  • People only become aware of the frames they use when something forces them to replace one frame with another, or the frame is explicitly called to attention.

• Gallilean-Newtonian Relativity

  • An inertial frame is a reference frame in relative uniform motion to absolute space.
  • Consider two inertial frames S and S'.
  • By the second axiom above, one can synchronize the clock in the two frames and assume t = t'.
  • This transformation of variables between two inertial frames is called Galilean transformation .
  • Assuming that mass is invariant in all inertial frames, the above equation shows that Newton's laws of mechanics, if valid in one frame, must hold for all frames.

• Size Variation and ORF Contents in Genomes

  • An open reading frame (ORF) is the part of a reading frame that varies in size and content in bacterial genomes.
  • In molecular genetics, an open reading frame (ORF) is the part of a reading frame that contains no stop codons.
  • Open reading frames are used as one piece of evidence to assist in gene prediction.
  • Even a long open reading frame by itself is not conclusive evidence for the presence of a gene.
  • Thus, the last reading frame in this example contains a stop codon (TAA), unlike the first two.

• Observation: Framing the Problem

  • Their choices are influenced by their frames.
  • People only shift frames when incongruity calls for a frame shift.
  • In other words, people only become aware of the frames that they already use when something forces them to replace one frame with another.
  • Frames provide people a quick and easy way to process information.
  • A shift toward risk-seeking behavior occurs when a decision maker frames decisions in negative terms or adopts a negative framing effect.

• The Coriolois Force

  • The Coriolis effect is a deflection of moving objects when they are viewed in a rotating reference frame.
  • The Coriolis effect is a deflection of moving objects when they are viewed in a rotating reference frame.
  • It is proportional to the object's speed in the rotating frame.
  • They are correction factors that do not exist in a non-accelerating or inertial reference frame.
  • Perhaps the most commonly encountered rotating reference frame is the Earth.

• Reference Frames and Displacement

  • More precisely, you need to specify its position relative to a convenient reference frame.
  • This is referred to as choosing a coordinate system, or choosing a frame of reference.
  • As long as you are consistent, any frame is equally valid.
  • In this classic film, Professors Hume and Ivey cleverly illustrate reference frames and distinguish between fixed and moving frames of reference.
  • Displacement is the change in position of an object relative to its reference frame.

• Sources of Social Change

  • In emphasizing the injustice frame, culture theory also addresses the free-rider problem.
  • Diagnostic frame: the movement organization frames the problem—what they are critiquing
  • Prognostic frame: the movement organization frames the desirable solution to the problem
  • Motivational frame: the movement organization frames a "call to arms" by suggesting and encouraging that people take action
  • The prognostic frame is the desired solution - what people think will work to change the situation.

• Length Contraction

  • Let's look at the results with the aether again.If we have a rod of length $L_0$ in the primed frame what it is length in the unprimed frame.
  • Notices that someone in the primed frame would claim that the person measured the position of one end of the stick at a different time from the other.

• Doppler Effect

  • We have a radio transmitter in the primed frame radiating at a frequency $\omega'$.
  • According to the time dilation, in the unprimed frame it oscillates more slowly at a time interval $\bigtriangleup t=2\pi \gamma / \omega$.
  • The time between the arrival for two crests of the wave in the unprimed frame is given by,