Force-Velocity Relationship

(noun)

The relationship between the speed and force of muscle contraction, outputted as power.

Related Terms

  • orce-Velocity Relationship
  • Force-Length Relationship
  • resting length
  • tetanic
  • summation.
  • force
  • power
  • twitch
  • tetanic contraction
  • Shortening velocity

Examples of Force-Velocity Relationship in the following topics:

  • Velocity and Duration of Muscle Contraction

    • The shortening velocity affects the amount of force generated by a muscle.
    • The force-velocity relationship in muscle relates the speed at which a muscle changes length to the force of this contraction and the resultant power output (force x velocity = power).
    • Though they have high velocity, they begin resting before reaching peak force.
    • As velocity increases force and power produced is reduced.
    • Although force increases due to stretching with no velocity, zero power is produced.
  • Force of Muscle Contraction

    • The force a muscle generates is dependent on its length and shortening velocity.
    • The force a muscle generates is dependent on the length of the muscle and its shortening velocity.
    • The force-velocity relationship in muscle relates the speed at which a muscle changes length with the force of this contraction and the resultant power output (force x velocity = power).
    • As velocity increases force and therefore power produced is reduced.
    • Although force increases due to stretching with no velocity, zero power is produced.
  • Circular Motion

    • The relationship between the gravitational pull on the satellite from the Earth ($g'$) and the velocity of the space shuttle is: $mg'= \frac{mv^{2}}{r}$ where $m$ is the mass of the space shuttle, $v$ is the velocity at which it orbits around the earth, and $r$ is the radius of its orbit.
    • It states that an object will maintain a constant velocity unless a net external force is applied.
    • In uniform circular motion, the force is always perpendicular to the direction of the velocity.
    • Since the direction of the velocity is continuously changing, the direction of the force must be as well.
    • In uniform circular motion, the centripetal force is perpendicular to the velocity.
  • Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion

    • Though the body's speed is constant, its velocity is not constant: velocity (a vector quantity) depends on both the body's speed and its direction of travel.
    • This acceleration is, in turn, produced by a centripetal force—a force in constant magnitude, and directed towards the center.
    • Since velocity v is tangent to the circular path, no two velocities point in the same direction.
    • The next figure shows the basic relationship between uniform circular motion and simple harmonic motion.
    • Describe relationship between the simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion
  • Distribution of Molecular Speeds and Collision Frequency

    • (Velocity is a vector quantity, equal to the speed and direction of a particle) To properly assess the average velocity, average the squares of the velocities and take the square root of that value.
    • With no external forces (e.g. a change in temperature) acting on the system, the total energy remains unchanged.
    • If we assume that all velocity states are equally probable, higher velocity states are favorable because there are greater in quantity.
    • Using the above logic, we can hypothesize the velocity distribution for a given group of particles by plotting the number of molecules whose velocities fall within a series of narrow ranges.
    • Identify the relationship between velocity distributions and temperature and molecular weight of a gas.
  • Relationship Between Linear and Rotational Quantitues

    • Here, the velocity of particle is changing - though the motion is "uniform".
    • The velocity (i.e. angular velocity) is indeed constant.
    • This is the first advantage of describing uniform circular motion in terms of angular velocity.
    • Second advantage is that angular velocity conveys the physical sense of the rotation of the particle as against linear velocity, which indicates translational motion.
    • With the relationship of the linear and angular speed/acceleration, we can derive the following four rotational kinematic equations for constant $a$ and $\alpha$:
  • Drag

    • The drag force is the resistive force felt by objects moving through fluids and is proportional to the square of the object's speed.
    • Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid.
    • This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in.
    • We can write this relationship mathematically as $F_D \propto v^2$.
    • This video walks through a single scenario of an object experiencing a drag force where the drag force is proportional to the object's velocity.
  • A Microscopic View: Drift Speed

    • The drift velocity is the average velocity that a particle achieves due to an electric field.
    • The high speed of electrical signals results from the fact that the force between charges acts rapidly at a distance.
    • It is possible to obtain an expression for the relationship between the current and drift velocity by considering the number of free charges in a segment of wire.
    • When charged particles are forced into this volume of a conductor, an equal number are quickly forced to leave.
    • Relate the drift velocity with the velocity of free charges in conductors
  • The Second Law: Force and Acceleration

    • Upon collision, more force is exerted by the larger object, causing the smaller object to bounce off with greater velocity.
    • The laws form the basis for mechanics—they describe the relationship between forces acting on a body, and the motion experienced due to these forces.
    • If an object experiences no net force, its velocity will remain constant.
    • The acceleration is the rate of change in velocity; it is caused only by an external force acting on it.
    • This concept, illustrated below, explains Newton's second law, which emphasizes the importance of force and motion, over velocity alone.
  • Constant Velocity Produces a Straight-Line

    • If a charged particle's velocity is parallel to the magnetic field, there is no net force and the particle moves in a straight line.
    • If an object experiences no net force, then its velocity is constant: the object is either at rest (if its velocity is zero), or it moves in a straight line with constant speed (if its velocity is nonzero).
    • If the acceleration is zero, any velocity the particle has will be maintained indefinitely (or until such time as the net force is no longer zero).
    • If the magnetic field and the velocity are parallel (or antiparallel), then sinθ equals zero and there is no force.
    • In the case above the magnetic force is zero because the velocity is parallel to the magnetic field lines.
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