deoxyribose

(noun)

a derivative of the pentose sugar ribose in which the 2' hydroxyl (-OH) is reduced to a hydrogen (H); a constituent of the nucleotides that comprise deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA

Related Terms

Examples of deoxyribose in the following topics:

  • Biology: DNA Structure and Replication

    • The "backbone" of each helix is formed from alternating deoxyribose and phosphate subunits as illustrated in .
    • Each deoxyribose is connected to a base that extends between the two backbones.
    • The complex molecules that make up our DNA are held together by a phosphate-deoxyribose backbone, as shown.

  • DNA and RNA

    • The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose and in RNA it is ribose.
    • The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the second carbon of the ribose and hydrogen on the second carbon of the deoxyribose.
    • Two types of pentose are found in nucleotides, deoxyribose (found in DNA) and ribose (found in RNA).
    • Deoxyribose is similar in structure to ribose, but it has an H instead of an OH at the 2′ position.

  • Types of RNA

    • Two types of pentose are found in nucleotides, deoxyribose (found in DNA) and ribose (found in RNA).
    • Deoxyribose is similar in structure to ribose, but it has an H instead of an OH at the 2′ position.

  • The Structure and Sequence of DNA

    • The components of the nucleotide used in DNA synthesis are a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose, and a phosphate group .
    • The sugar is deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA.

  • The Primary Structure of DNA

    • Complete hydrolysis of chromosomal nucleic acids gave inorganic phosphate, 2-deoxyribose (a previously unknown sugar) and four different heterocyclic bases (shown in the following diagram).
    • Base-catalyzed hydrolysis of DNA gave four nucleoside products, which proved to be N-glycosides of 2'-deoxyribose combined with the heterocyclic amines.

  • History of DNA Research

    • They realized only later that the mixed nucleotides were of two types—one containing ribose (RNA) and the other deoxyribose (DNA).

  • Unresolved Questions About the Origins of Life

    • Homochirality is the term used to describe all building blocks in living organisms having the same "handedness" (amino acids being left-handed, nucleic acid sugars (ribose and deoxyribose) being right-handed, and chiral phosphoglycerides).

  • Phosphorus Compounds

    • DNA strands have a phosphate-deoxyribose backbone.