angiogenesis

Examples of angiogenesis in the following topics:

• Angiogenesis and Disease

  • Tumors induce blood vessel growth (angiogenesis) by secreting various growth factors (e.g., VEGF).
  • Bone marrow cell recruitment also participates in tumor angiogenesis .
  • Angiogenesis is also required for the spread of a tumor, or metastasis.
  • Angiogenesis becomes clearly evident during dysplasia and is critical for further growth.
  • Targeting tumor angiogenesis may be a novel strategy for preventing cancer.

• Development of the Heart

  • The development of the circulatory system occurs by the process of vasculogenesis followed by angiogenesis, the sprouting of new vessels from pre-existing ones.
  • Vasculogenesis is the process of blood vessel formation by new production of endothelial cells, in contrast with angiogenesis in which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing vessels.
  • For example, if a monolayer of endothelial cells begins sprouting to form capillaries, angiogenesis is occurring.
  • These vascular trees are then pruned and extended through angiogenesis.

• Specific Effects of Stress: Cancer

  • Studies in mice and human cancer cells grown in a laboratory have found that the stress hormone norepinephrine, part of the body's fight-or-flight response system, may promote angiogenesis and metastasis.
  • Angiogenesis refers to the development and formation of new blood vessels.

• Antimicrobial Peptides

  • AMPs have been shown to be important in such diverse functions as angiogenesis, wound healing, cytokine release, chemotaxis, and regulation of the adaptive immune system.

• Development of Blood

  • Angiogenesis also contributes to the complexity of the initial network; endothelial buds form by an extrusion-like process prompted by the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
  • Angiogenesis is generally responsible for colonizing individual organ systems with blood vessels, whereas vasculogenesis lays down the initial pipelines of the network.

• Basement Membranes and Diseases

  • The basement membrane is also essential for angiogenesis (development of new blood vessels).

• Platelets

  • They also release wound healing-associated growth factors including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which directs cell movement; TGF beta, which stimulates the deposition of extracellular matrix tissue into a wound during healing; and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which stimulates angiogenesis, or the regrowth of blood vessels.

• Platelet Plug Formation

  • PDGF and VEGF are involved in angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels and cell cycle proliferation (division) following injury.

• Clot Retraction and Repair

  • Then new blood vessels grow into the healing tissue in a process called angiogenesis, which is stimulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

• Capillaries

  • The term angiogenesis denotes the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels.