kelvin

Examples of kelvin in the following topics:

• Temperature

  • Using the Celsius system for its measurement of degrees, Lord Kelvin calculated the ultimate cold temperature to be -273 °C.
  • Today that is referred to as 0 K on the Kelvin thermodynamic temperature scale.
  • The SI unit, chosen for its simplicity and relationship to thermodynamics, is the kelvin, named in honor of Lord Kelvin.
  • Those calculations are always made in kelvins.
  • Use the equations in this table to calculate temperatures using the kelvin measurement system.

• Standard Units (SI Units)

  • The kelvin (K) is the unit of the thermodynamic temperature scale.
  • The incremental size of the kelvin is the same as that of the degree on the Celsius (also called centigrade) scale.
  • The kelvin is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water (exactly 0.01 °C, or 32.018 °F).

• Root-Mean-Square Speed

  • It is represented by the equation: $v_{rms}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$, where vrms is the root-mean-square of the velocity, Mm is the molar mass of the gas in kilograms per mole, R is the molar gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

• The Ideal Gas Equation

  • Calculate the number of moles of gas contained within a bouncy house with a volume of 20.63 cubic meters, a temperature of 300 Kelvin, and a pressure of 101 kPa.

• Specific Heat and Heat Capacity

  • In the International System of Units (SI), heat capacity is expressed in units of joules per kelvin ($J\bullet K^{-1}$).
  • Specific heat capacity is the measure of the heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance by one kelvin.

• Osmotic Pressure

  • Here, i is the van 't Hoff factor, M is the molarity of the solution, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin.

• Bond Lengths

  • This is because a chemical bond is not a static structure, but the two atoms actually vibrate due to thermal energy available in the surroundings at any non-zero Kelvin temperature.

• Microstates and Entropy

  • Thermodynamic entropy has the dimension of energy divided by temperature, which has a unit of joules per kelvin (J/K) in the International System of Units.

• Charles' and Gay-Lussac's Law: Temperature and Volume

  • This law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same factor as its temperature (in Kelvin); in other words, temperature and volume are directly proportional.

• Equilibrium Constant and Cell Potential

  • ., measured under standard conditions), F is Faraday's constant, R is the universal gas constant, T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin, Q is the reaction quotient (which has the same algebraic from as the equilibrium constant expression, except it applies to any time during the reaction's progress), and n is the number of moles of electrons that are transferred in the balanced chemical equation of the redox process.