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Italy in the Gothic Period
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Concept Version 10
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Italian Architecture 1200-1400

The Gothic style was the leading architectural style in Italy during this time period. However, Italian architects interpreted Gothic architecture differently than they did in France, resulting in a few key regional differences.

Learning Objective

  • Discuss the architecture of Florence, Italy, during the Middle Ages and the architecture of the Florence Cathedral


Key Points

    • While the French Gothic style gained popularity in many parts of Europe, the Gothic style was interpreted differently in Italy.
    • Gothic buildings in cities such as Florence lack the stained glass that characterizes French Gothic structures and as a whole they lack the emphasized verticality of French Gothic Cathedrals.
    • The Florence Cathedral is an example of the Gothic style in Italy.

Terms

  • lancet

    A tall, narrow archway with a pointed arch at its top.

  • flying buttress

    A buttress that stands apart from the structure that it supports, and is connected to it by an arch (flyer).


Example


Full Text

Florence: Architecture and Metalwork

Gothic architecture was developed in France and was characterized by lancet, or pointed, archways used for both windows and doorways. These allowed for both thinner walls and larger windows. The stained glass windows that seemed to replace walls altogether are the hallmark of French Gothic architecture. Other characteristics of the Gothic style include the increased use of flying buttresses to support walls, and a shift towards more slender and ornate columns, and vaulted ceilings.

While the French Gothic style gained popularity in many parts of Europe, the Gothic style was interpreted differently in Italy. Gothic buildings in cities such as Florence lack the stained glass that characterizes French Gothic structures and as a whole they lack the emphasized verticality of French Gothic Cathedrals.  

Florence Cathedral

The Florence Cathedral is a great example of the Gothic style in Italy. Begun in 1296, the Cathedral is built in the Gothic style as Renaissance architecture had yet to be developed.  

Florence Cathedral, begun 1296

As the exterior view of the Cathedral demonstrates, Italian Gothic structures did not incorporate the stained glass windows, which had become so essential to French Gothic structures. The interior of the Cathedral, including the groin vaults and pointed arches, demonstrates the Gothic elements of its architecture quite clearly.

Florence Cathedral, Interior view, begun 1296

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