How to Cook when You're Blind or Visually Impaired

Know how to work with knives. There is nothing different when working with knives if you are blind or visually impaired; you will just have to be more alert and know a bit of basic knife safety. Ensure your knives are very sharp so that slicing and chopping will be easy and will not take too much pressure to do. If you are a beginner who has absolutely no experience in using a knife, you may find it easier to cut downward toward on a cutting board. Not only is it easier, but it's also much safer. Keep one hand holding on the food and another chopping. Always move your fingers when slicing to avoid getting cut.

• Use vegetable peelers instead of knives when trying to peel vegetables or fruits.
• An advanced and experienced cook is able to cut in different various positions, but a newly blind person who is experienced with cooking will probably never change his ways of cutting with a knife.

Know how to measure ingredients. Consider getting yourself a talking kitchen scale that talks so you can weigh ingredients in pounds, ounces, and grams. When measuring large amounts that are ¼ cup or more, keep a 'spill pan' underneath your measuring cup. Place a small baking tray under your measuring cup. If you over-fill it, you can pour the excess ingredients back into the cup. For ingredients that are smaller in amount (e.g. teaspoons or tablespoons), have a bowl underneath while you are pouring your ingredients into the spoon.

• If you are visually impaired, consider finding various measuring spoons and cups that have large print for you to be able to cook. You can also mark the measuring cup using a strong, bold marker (e.g. 3-D pen).

Know how to use a stovetop. For the blind, it's best to use a gas stove, because they are easy to switch on and you can hear it light up. Always place the pan on the burner before turning the heat on. You must gain awareness where your pan is on the the burner. Ensure you place it on the center - it's quite easy for the pan to move around.

• If needed, place your hand at a safe distance above the burner to check if it's still on and burning.

Know how to use an oven. While the thought of using an oven without seeing might terrify you at first, there is nothing quite different except following a couple safety precautions. If you are beginner cook, practice using the oven when it's cold and not on. Once you gain confidence and understand the process, use the oven when it's on and hot. It's easier to pull out the oven tray when placing food in to cook. When removing food from the oven, pull out the oven tray and find the pan to remove it. That way you don't have to reach too far to find your food, and the chance of burning your hand is less likely to happen.

• Always wear long oven mitts when handling hot food and dealing with the oven to protect your hands.
• Ensure the oven shelves are secured tightly so they don't fall off when placing or removing food from the oven.

Know how to test if your food is cooked. One of the most basic ways to test if your food is done is by tasting and trying it. For baked foods such as cakes or brownies, poke a toothpick in the food. Feel the toothpick to determine if it's ready or not: a wet toothpick means the food still needs to bake, and a dry toothpick means it's ready to be removed. For foods you can't poke a toothpick in, press firmly but carefully on the surface of the food to feel its texture and consistency.

Know how to plug in an appliance. Trying to plug in appliances like blenders, waffle makers, toasters, or coffee makers can be slightly tricky and risky without the ability to see. First, try to detect the outlet and observe the position of the two holes. Have your right hand hold the plug by the portion. Slowly bring the plug up to the outlet, but do not begin to push it in. Check your left hand to ensure that the prongs are in the exact position as the holes. Remove and let go of your left hand. Ensure that your right hand is touching the portion of the plug. Then you can push the plug into the outlet.

Know how to mix. Whenever you mix, always have a baking tray underneath the bowl to prevent spills and messes. Always try to mix in circular motions. For foods like cake batter or brownie mix, try feeling the mix with your fingers to identify if you can feel flour streaks or bumps. If you don't feel any dry ingredients, stop mixing to avoid over-blending. When mixing basic foods like salads, mix until the ingredients feel well-combined.

Know how to pour and drain. When pouring a liquid into a glass, use one hand to hold on the pitcher and another to place your finger over the edge of the glass. Your finger will help you indicate when the glass is almost full. When draining, place your colander in the sink and use your hand to identify where it is before draining.

• When pouring liquids, you may also notice a sound change when the liquid reaches the top.

Know how to serve the food. Serving your food with a fancy look is pretty hard to do if you're blind or visually impaired. If you are hosting a dinner party, it's best to have your sighted guests serve themselves. When serving your own food, try to keep the foods separate (e.g. vegetables on one side, meat on one side, etc.).

• To set the table evenly with plates and utensils, push each chair in its proper area. That way you can center each plate and utensil in front of the corresponding chair.

Know how to clean up. To wash dishes, try rinsing the dishes and placing them in a dishwasher for easier washing. Use a rag to wipe the kitchen counter and floors. Leftovers should be stored in air-tight containers and then placed in the fridge. Everything in your kitchen should be organized. Ensure you place everything back where it belongs, as finding something that was misplaced is very hard when you can't see well.