site ID
NIOSH

Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Propane, 2-nitro-

RTECS #

TZ5250000

CAS #

79-46-9

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

89.11

Molecular Formula

C3H7NO2

Synonyms

2-Nitropropane
2-Nitropropane (ACGIH:OSHA)
2-NP
beta-Nitropropane
Dimethylnitromethane
Isonitropropane
Nipar S-20
Nipar S-20 solvent
Nipar S-30 solvent
Nitroisopropane
RCRA waste number U171

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

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Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 0.1 mL mildHPV054 -,-,2005

Mutation Data and Reference

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System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human60 mmol/LMUREAV 190,217,1987
DNA Damage/Salmonella typhimurium50 mg/LMUREAV 104,49,1982
DNA Damageoral/rat44555 µg/kgCALEDQ 57,61,1991
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/rat100 mg/kgMUREAV 391,165,1997
DNA Damageunreported route/mouse100 mg/kgMUREAV 577S,1,2005
DNA Damagefibroblast/hamster3 mmol/L/6HMUREAV 726,84,2011
DNA repairother cell types/domestic animal2 mmol/LMUREAV 413,69,1998
DNA repairintraperitoneal/rat20 mg/kgCRNGDP 9,811,1988
DNA repairliver/rat30 µmol/LCRNGDP 9,811,1988
micronucleus testoral/rat25 mg/kgCRNGDP 10,2329,1989
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli2500 µg/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step)SAIGBL 29,34,1987
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium25 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)FAATDF 13,341,1989
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1 mg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human7500 µmol/LMUREAV 190,217,1987
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/rat1 µmol/LMUREAV 221,263,1989
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/rat20 mg/kgCRNGDP 9,811,1988
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisoral/rat50 mg/kgCRNGDP 10,2329,1989

Reproductive Effects Data and References

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Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat 2550 mg/kg (1-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) systemTXAPA9 48,A35,1979
intraperitoneal/rat 2550 mg/kg (1-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)		SWEHDO 7(Suppl 4),66,1981

Tumorigenic Data and References

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Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 207 ppm/7H/26W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors		JEPTDQ 2(5),233,1979
inhalation/rat toxic concentration (other than lowest): 207 ppm/26W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors		XPHCI* 25APR1977
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 207 ppm/24W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains		HPV054 -,-,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4277 mg/kg/16W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors		CRNGDP 8,1947,1987

Acute Toxicity Data and References

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Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/cat Lowest published lethal concentration: 714 ppm/5HEye: Lacrimation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands		AMIHBC 5,52,1952
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 4622 ppm/5HBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis		AMIHBC 5,52,1952
inhalation/man lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppmBehavioral: Anorexia (human)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting		INMEAF 16,441,1947
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 10 gm/m3/2H85GMAT -,94,1982
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 558 ppm/6HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage		HPV054 -,-,2005
inhalation/rabbit Lowest published lethal concentration: 2381 ppm/5HBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis		AMIHBC 5,52,1952
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12070 mg/m3/1HEye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression		HPV054 -,-,2005
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 400 ppm/6HHPV054 -,-,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 75 mg/kgNTIS** AD691-490
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 1100 mg/kgBlood: Methemoglobinemia- CarboxhemoglobinemiaBSPLA9 (2),83,1972
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kgLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport		TXCYAC 210,1,2005
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kgLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other		TOXID9 1,93,2001
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 393 mg/kgHPV054 -,-,2005
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kgBehavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression		HPV054 -,-,2005
oral/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation		JIHTAB 22,315,1940
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 565 mg/kgHPV054 -,-,2005
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2000 mg/kgHPV054 -,-,2005

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

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Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 207 ppm/24W- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases		HPV054 -,-,2005
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/5D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Inflammation, necrosis or scarring of bladder

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain		HPV054 -,-,2005
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/3D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldHPV054 -,-,2005
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 207 ppm/24W- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases		HPV054 -,-,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 720 mg/kg/2W- continuousLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases		ETPAEK 61,197,2009

Reviews

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OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 10 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 29,331,1982
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1079,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 29,331,1982
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1079,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2BIMEMDT 71,1079,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 588,88,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 628,31,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 721,27,2011

Standards and Regulations

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OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,188,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 10 ppm (36 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK-TMW 5 ppm (18 mg/m3);KZW 20 ppm (72 mg/m3), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 10 ppm (37 mg/m3), Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 5 ppm (18 mg/m3), carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (18 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 40 ppm (150 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYceiling concentration 18 mg/m3, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (18 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (35 mg/m3), carc, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2B carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAceiling concentration 10 ppm (35 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 10 ppm (35 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 10 ppm (36 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 2 ppm (7 mg/m3), ceiling concentration 6 ppm (20 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 5 ppm (18 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 0.036 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 25 ppm (90 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

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OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 2-NITROPROPANE-airCarcinogen lowest feasible conc.NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 51090; Number of Industries 15; Total Number of Facilities 345; Number of Occupations 19; Total Number of Employees Exposed 9818; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1817
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 51090; Number of Industries 57; Total Number of Facilities 2335; Number of Occupations 42; Total Number of Employees Exposed 29842

Status in Federal Agencies

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OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 2-Nitropropane, 2528
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 17, 1977
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #15, SUPERSEDED BY #46
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #46

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