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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Formic acid, ethyl ester

RTECS #

LQ8400000

CAS #

109-94-4

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

74.09

Molecular Formula

C3H6O2

Synonyms

Aethylformiat (German)
Areginal
Ethyl formate
Ethyl formate (ACGIH:OSHA)
Ethyl formic ester
Ethyl methanoate
Ethyle (formiate d') (French)
Ethylester kyseliny mravenci (Czech)
Ethylformiaat (Dutch)
Etile (formiato di) (Italian)
Formic ether
Mrowczan etylu (Polish)

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
skin /rabbit 460 mg open irritation test mildUCDS** 4/10/1968

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 110 gm/kg/9W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors		BJCAAI 9,177,1955

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 8000 ppm/4HAMIHBC 10,61,1954
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 28950 mg/m3TOVEFN (1),61,1995
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)		TOVEFN (1),61,1995
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases		TOVEFN (1),61,1995
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1110 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Gastritis		FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2075 mg/kgIMSUAI 41,31,1972
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2699 mg/kgBehavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea		TOVEFN (1),61,1995
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1850 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea		FCTXAV 2,327,1964
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): >20 mL/kgAMIHBC 10,61,1954
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 1 gm/kgFCTXAV 16,737,1978

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 619 mg/kg/13W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria

Blood: Other changes		FAONAU 44A,1,1967

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-short term exposure limit 100 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAMIHAB 20,517,1959

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,107,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 100 ppm (303 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);KZW 200 ppm (600 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 100 ppm (307 mg/m3), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (460 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 100 ppm (310 mg/m3), skin, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 150 ppm (450 mg/m3), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 100 ppm (303 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 100 ppm (303 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 100 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 450 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDceiling concentration 100 ppm (310 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 300 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 100 ppm (308 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 150 ppm (462 mg/m3), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ETHYL FORMATE-air10H time-weighted average 100 ppmNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 32610; Number of Industries 6; Total Number of Facilities 99; Number of Occupations 19; Total Number of Employees Exposed 8151; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1169
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 32610; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 21; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 124

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethyl formate, 1452

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