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Boundless U.S. History
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U.S. History

Chapter 8

The Federalist Era: 1789–1801

Book Version 23
By Boundless
Boundless U.S. History
U.S. History
by Boundless
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Section 1
The Federalist Era
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A New Nation

The new American government experienced tensions between the Federalist Party currently in power and the Democratic-Republican Party.

Section 2
Hamilton's Economic Policy
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Hamilton's Legacy

Alexander Hamilton's broad interpretation of Constitutional powers has influenced multiple generations of political theorists.

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Hamilton's Economic Policy

Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, strongly influenced the financial policies of the United States during the Federalist Era.

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Promoting Economic Development

In order to foster economic development in a financially shaky new nation, Hamilton stressed the development of manufacturing and commercial interests.

Section 3
Foreign and Domestic Crises
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Foreign and Domestic Crises

During the Washington and Adams administrations, Federalists and Democratic-Republicans clashed over numerous foreign matters.

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Citizen Gênet Affair

The Citizen Genêt Affair threatened American neutrality during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Jay's Treaty

Jay's Treaty intended to relieve post-war tensions between Britain and the United States and represented a Federalist strategy to avoid war.

Pinckney's Treaty

Pinckney's Treaty between Spain and the United States defined the boundaries of the Spanish colonies of West and East Florida.

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The Northwest Territory

The Northwest Indian War (1785–1795) led to further expansion of the United States into American Indian territory. 

Section 4
Transfer of Power
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Washington's Farewell

In his 1796 Farewell Address to the American people, Washington gave his final thoughts on foreign policy, trade, and national unions.

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The Election of 1796

The election of 1796 was the first contested presidential election between two distinct political factions in the nation's history.

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The Adams Presidency

John Adams, the second president to hold office, believed in a strong federal government and an expansion of executive power.

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The Quasi-War

The Quasi-War was an undeclared naval war fought between France and the United States in the Caribbean Sea. 

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The Alien and Sedition Acts

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were a series of laws that aimed to outlaw speech that was critical of the government.

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Domestic Turmoil During the Adams Presidency

The Adams presidency was marked by several domestic conflicts that deepened the split between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

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Gabriel's Rebellion

Gabriel's Rebellion was a planned slave revolt in Virginia in 1800 that was quelled before it could begin.

Section 5
Conclusion: The Establishment of Federalism
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Conclusion: The Establishment of Federalism

While the early U.S. government was dominated by the ideals of Federalism, the development of political parties saw the rise of Democratic-Republican ideals.

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Boundless U.S. History by Boundless
Previous Chapter
Chapter 7
Founding a Nation: 1783–1789
  • America under the Articles of Confederation
  • A New Constitution
  • Ratification and the Bill of Rights
  • "We the People"
  • Conclusion: The Development of the Constitution
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Chapter 8
The Federalist Era: 1789–1801
  • The Federalist Era
  • Hamilton's Economic Policy
  • Foreign and Domestic Crises
  • Transfer of Power
  • Conclusion: The Establishment of Federalism
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Chapter 9
Securing the Republic: 1800–1815
  • The Election of 1800
  • The Jefferson Administration
  • Divisions in the Republican Party
  • The War in Europe
  • The Madison Administration
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