Little Rock Nine

(noun)

A group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. Their enrollment was followed by the Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Orval Faubus, the Governor of Arkansas. They then attended after the intervention of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Related Terms

  • Orval Faubus
  • Plessy v. Ferguson
  • Warren Court
  • Brown v. Board of Education
  • "Separate but Equal"

(noun)

A group of African-American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957; considered one of the most important events in the African-American Civil Rights Movement.

Related Terms

  • Orval Faubus
  • Plessy v. Ferguson
  • Warren Court
  • Brown v. Board of Education
  • "Separate but Equal"

Examples of Little Rock Nine in the following topics:

  • Desegregation in Little Rock

    • The Little Rock Nine was a group of African-American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
    • The Little Rock Nine were a group of African-American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
    • By the end of September 1957, the nine were admitted to Little Rock Central High under the protection of the U.S.
    • Soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division escort the Little Rock Nine students into the all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.
    • Identify the importance of the Little Rock Nine in the process of school desegregation.
  • The Brown Decision

    • As late as 1957, three years after the decision, a crisis erupted in Little Rock, Arkansas when Governor of Arkansas Orval Faubus called out the National Guard on September 4 to prevent entry to the nine African-American students (known as the Little Rock Nine) who had sued for the right to attend an integrated school, Little Rock Central High School.
    • Woodrow Wilson Mann, the mayor of Little Rock, asked the President to send federal troops to enforce integration and protect the nine students.
    • He deployed elements of the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to protect the students.
    • Soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division escort the Little Rock Nine students into the all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, 1957, National Archives.
    • The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
  • Women of the Civil Rights Movement

    • Daisy Bates was an American civil rights activist, publisher, journalist, and lecturer who played a leading role in the Little Rock Integration Crisis of 1957.
    • After two years and still no progress, a suit was filed against the Little Rock School District in 1956.
    • As the leader of NAACP branch in Arkansas, Bates guided and advised the nine black students, known as the Little Rock Nine, who were to be integrated into the previously all-white Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
    • In the 1958-59 school year, however, public schools in Little Rock were closed in another attempt to roll back desegregation.
    • Soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division escort the "Little Rock Nine" African American students into the all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.
  • The Eisenhower Administration

    • However,  In 1957, he sent federal troops to Little Rock, Arkansas after Governor Orval Faubus attempted to defy a federal court order calling for desegregation of Little Rock public schools.
    • The soldiers escorted nine African-American students, who became known as the Little Rock Nine, to Little Rock Central High School.
  • The Emergence of the Civil Rights Movement

    • As late as 1957, three years after the decision, a crisis erupted in Little Rock, Arkansas when Governor of Arkansas Orval Faubus called out the National Guard on September 4 to prevent entry to the nine African-American students who had sued for the right to attend an integrated school, Little Rock Central High School.
    • The nine students had been chosen to attend Central High because of their excellent grades.
    • He deployed elements of the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to protect the students.
  • Conclusion: WWII and the U.S.

    • Between 1945 and 1960, GNP grew by 250%, expenditures on new construction multiplied nine times, and consumption on personal services increased three times.
    • In addition, labor strikes rocked the nation, in some cases exacerbated by racial tensions due to African-Americans having taken jobs during the war and now being faced with irate returning veterans who demanded that they step aside.
    • After the initial hurdles of the 1945-48 period were overcome, many Americans found themselves flush with cash from wartime work due to there being little to buy for several years.
    • Governor Orval Eugene Faubus of Arkansas used the Arkansas National Guard to prevent school integration at Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
    • Soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division escort nine black students into the all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, after the Supreme Court declared school segregation to be unconstitutional (1957).  
  • Legislative Change

    • Eisenhower had ordered in federal troops to protect nine children integrating into a public school in Little Rock, Arkansas, the first time the federal government had sent troops to the South since the Reconstruction era. 
  • The Transition to Peacetime

    • In addition, labor strikes rocked the nation, in some cases exacerbated by racial tensions due to African-Americans having taken jobs during the war and now being faced with irate returning veterans who demanded that they step aside.
    • After the initial hurdles of the 1945-48 period were overcome, Americans found themselves flush with cash from wartime work due to there being little to buy for several years.
    • Between 1945 and 1960, GNP grew by 250%, expenditures on new construction multiplied nine times, and consumption on personal services increased three times.
  • Sit-Ins and Freedom Rides

    • The successful six-month-long Greensboro sit-in initiated the student phase of the African American civil rights movement and, within two months, the sit-in movement had spread to 54 cities in nine states.
    • The freedom riders encountered little difficulty until they reached Rock Hill, South Carolina, where a mob severely beat John Lewis, a freedom rider who later became chairman of SNCC.
    • Before Freedom Summer, the national news media had paid little attention to the persecution of black voters in the Deep South and the dangers endured by black civil rights workers.
    • SNCC had undertaken an ambitious voter registration program in Selma, Alabama, in 1963, but had made little headway.
  • The Boston Massacre and Military Occupation

    • The Boston Massacre was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which nine British Army soldiers killed five colonial civilian men.
    • Over 50 of the Bostonian townspeople gathered, throwing snowballs, rocks, and sticks at White and challenging him to fire his weapon.
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