freedom ride

(noun)

Any one of a number of bus trips through parts of the southern U. S. in the 1960s, made by groups of civil rights activists demonstrating their opposition to racial prejudice and segregation.

Related Terms

  • sit-in
  • Boynton v. Virginia

Examples of freedom ride in the following topics:

  • Sit-Ins and Freedom Rides

    • Sit-ins and Freedom Rides were nonviolent civil rights actions used to challenge segregation and racial discrimination.
    • Students also took part in the 1961 “freedom rides” organized by the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
    • The first Freedom Ride of the 1960s left Washington D.C. on May 4, 1961, and was scheduled to arrive in New Orleans on May 17.
    • Freedom rides were stopped and beaten by mobs in Montgomery, leading to the dispatch of the Alabama National Guard to stop the violence.
    • Despite being faced with severe violence, the freedom rides made an impact. 
  • The Flowering of Black Freedom Struggle

    • During the 1960s the black freedom struggle included the 1963 March on Washington, the 1964 Freedom Summer, and the 1965 March in Selma.
    • It played a major role in organizing sit-ins and freedom rides, the 1963 March on Washington, the Mississippi Freedom Summer, and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party over the next few years.
    • Though Freedom Summer failed to register many voters, it significantly effected the course of the Civil Rights Movement.
    • On June 21, 1964, the Freedom Summer got national attention when three civil rights workers disappeared .
    • In addition to the March on Washington, the black freedom struggle flourished through campaigns for voter registration.
  • Federal Intervention

    • Robert Kennedy played a large role in the Freedom Riders protests.
    • He also forced the Greyhound bus company to provide the Freedom Riders with a bus driver to ensure they could continue their journey.
    • While Kennedy offered protection to the Freedom Riders, he also attempted to convince them to end the Rides.
    • Kennedy's attempts to end the Freedom Rides early were in many ways tied to broader international issues and an upcoming summit with Khrushchev and De Gaulle; he believed the continued international publicity of race riots would tarnish the president heading into international negotiations.
    • This reluctance to advance and continue to protect the Freedom Rides alienated many of the Civil Rights leaders at the time who perceived him as intolerant and narrow-minded.
  • Conclusion: Change in the 1960s

    • Civil rights activists engaged in sit-ins, freedom rides, and protest marches, and registered African American voters.
    • During the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (a), a huge crowd gathered on the National Mall (b) to hear the speakers.
  • Civil Rights and Voting Rights

    • Civil rights activists engaged in sit-ins, freedom rides, and protest marches, and registered African American voters.
  • Conclusion: WWII and the U.S.

    • Board of Education of Topeka (1954) and other critical cases led to a shift in tactics, and from 1955 to 1965, "direct action" was the strategy—primarily bus boycotts, sit-ins, freedom rides, and social movements.
    • "Bull" Connor advocated violence against freedom riders and ordered fire hoses and police dogs turned on demonstrators during the 1963 Birmingham Children's Crusade.
  • Racial Tensions and Black Lives Matter

    • In August of 2014, BLM members organized their first in-person national protest in the form of a "Black Lives Matter Freedom Ride" to Ferguson, Missouri after the shooting of Michael Brown.
  • Conclusion: Post-War America

    • Board of Education of Topeka (1954) and other critical cases led to a shift in tactics, and from 1955 to 1965, "direct action" was the strategy—primarily bus boycotts, sit-ins, freedom rides, and social movements. 
    • "Bull" Connor advocated violence against freedom riders and ordered fire hoses and police dogs turned on demonstrators during the 1963 Birmingham Children's Crusade.
  • Slavery and Liberty

    • Freedom for slaves could only be obtained through manumission by their owner, or through dangerous escape.
    • In the early nineteenth century, a variety of organizations were founded that advocated moving black people from the United States to locations where they would enjoy greater freedom.
    • While slaveholders opposed freedom for blacks, they saw "repatriation" as a way of avoiding rebellions.
    • A Ride for Liberty – The Fugitive Slaves by Eastman Johnson
    • Many slaves fled through the Underground Railroad, seeking freedom in the North.
  • Lexington and Concord

    • (Paul Revere was one of these riders, but the British captured him and he never finished his ride.
    • Henry Wadsworth Longfellow memorialized Revere in his 1860 poem, “Paul Revere’s Ride,” incorrectly implying that he made it all the way to Concord.)
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