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Chapter 4

Civil Liberties

Book Version 13
By Boundless
Boundless Political Science
Political Science
by Boundless
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Section 1
Civil Liberties and the Bill of Rights
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The Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the US Constitution and they guarantee certain liberties.

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Nationalizing the Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights were included into state laws through selective incorporation, rather than through full incorporation or nationalization.

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Incorporation Doctrine

The incorporation of the Bill of Rights is the process by which American courts have applied portions of the Bill of Rights to the states.

Section 2
The First Amendment: The Right to Freedom of Religion, Expression, Press, and Assembly
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The First Amendment

The First Amendment to the US Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, and protects core American civil liberties.

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Freedom of Religion

Freedom of religion is a constitutionally guaranteed right, established in the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights.

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The Establishment Clause: Separation of Church and State

As part of the First Amendment's religious freedom guarantees, the Establishment Clause requires a separation of church and state.

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The Free Exercise Clause: Freedom of Religion

The Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment establishes the right of all Americans to freely practice their religions.

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Freedom of Speech

The freedom of speech is a protected right under the First Amendment, and while many categories of speech are protected, there are limits.

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Freedom of the Press

The First Amendment guarantees the freedom of the press, which includes print media as well as any other source of information or opinion.

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Freedom of Assembly and Petition

The First Amendment establishes the right to assembly and the right to petition the government.

Section 3
The Second Amendment: The Right to Bear Arms
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The Second Amendment

The Second Amendment gives the right to bear arms, and can arguably apply to individuals or state militias depending on interpretation.

Section 4
The Right to Privacy
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The Right to Privacy

The Right to Privacy was an article that advocated for the protection of a citizen's private matters.

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Privacy Rights and Abortion

Abortion rights are can be determined by state courts and the Supreme Court and still continues to be a highly debated right for women.

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Privacy Rights and National Security

National security practices impact privacy rights for the well-being and domestic security of the United States.

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Privacy Rights and the Right to Die

There is a wide range of public opinion about the right-to-die movement in the United States, yet It is only legal in a few states.

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Privacy Rights and Sexuality

Rights to sexuality allow people in the United States to express sexual orientation without discrimination.

Section 5
The Rights of the Accused
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The Rights of the Accused

The rights of the accused include the right to a fair trial; due process; and the right to privacy.

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The Fourth Amendment and Search and Seizure

The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is the part of the Bill of Rights guarding against unreasonable searches and seizures.

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The Fifth Amendment, Self-Incrimination, and Double Jeopardy

The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which is part of the Bill of Rights, protects against abuse of government authority in a legal procedure.

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The Exclusionary Rule

The exclusionary rule holds that evidence collected in violation of the defendant's rights is sometimes inadmissible.

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The Sixth Amendment and the Right to Counsel

The Assistance of Counsel Clause in the Sixth Amendment allows to any person accused the right to counsel for his defense.

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The Sixth Amendment and Jury Trials

The Sixth Amendment U.S. Constitution is the part of the Bill of Rights, which sets forth rights related to criminal prosecutions.

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The Eighth Amendment and Cruel and Unusual Punishment

The Eight Amendment determines the provisions for cruel and unusual punishment.

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The Miranda Warning

The Miranda warning is a statement read by police to criminal suspects that asserts their right to counsel and right to remain silent.

Section 6
Terrorism and Security
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The First and Fourth Amendments and Issues of Terrorism and Security

Issues on privacy created new grounds for citizens to battle the constitutionality of security policies enacted after September 11th.

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The Right to Due Process

Due process rights provides legal protections while a citizen is charged by the courts and other legal procedures.

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Roving Wiretaps

A roving wiretap is a wiretap specific to the United States that follows the surveillance target across his or her private communications.

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The PATRIOT and Freedom Acts

The controversial Patriot Act was enacted following September 11 to protect national security, and allows the government extensive power over surveillance.

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National Security Agency Surveillance

After 9/11 attacks, the United States government passed and extended policies of surveillance for public citizens.

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Boundless Political Science by Boundless
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Federalism
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Chapter 4
Civil Liberties
  • Civil Liberties and the Bill of Rights
  • The First Amendment: The Right to Freedom of Religion, Expression, Press, and Assembly
  • The Second Amendment: The Right to Bear Arms
  • The Right to Privacy
  • The Rights of the Accused
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Chapter 5
Civil Rights
  • Slavery and Civil Rights
  • The Civil Rights Movement
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  • Affirmative Action
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