retina

(noun)

The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball where light is converted into neural signals sent to the brain.

Related Terms

Examples of retina in the following topics:

  • Optic (II) Nerve

    • The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) receives visual information from photoreceptors in the retina and transmits it to the brain.
    • It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
    • The eye's blind spot is a result of the absence of photoreceptors in the area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye.

  • Development of Vision

    • The optic cup then delaminates into two layers: the neural retina and the retinal pigment epithelium.
    • The lens placode is affected by the chordamesoderm making it invaginate and form the optic cup composed by an outer layer of neural retina and inner layer of pigmented retina that will unite and form the optic stalk .
    • The pigmented retina is formed by rods and cones and composed of small cilia typical of the ependymal epithelium of the neural tube.

  • Development of the Central Nervous System

    • Some classifications of the CNS also include the retina and the cranial nerves.

  • Fourth Week of Development

    • The optical vesicle (which will eventually become the optic nerve, retina, and iris) forms at the basal plate of the prosencephalon.

  • Organization of the Nervous System

    • The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and retina.

  • Classification of Receptors by Location

    • For example, sensory receptors in the retina are almost entirely photoreceptors.

  • Angiogenesis and Disease

    • In wet macular degeneration, VEGF causes proliferation of capillaries into the retina.
    • Since the increase in angiogenesis also causes edema, blood and other retinal fluids leak into the retina, causing loss of vision.

  • Thalamus

    • For the visual system, for example, inputs from the retina are sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, which in turn projects to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe.

  • Sensory Areas

    • Neighboring points in the primary visual cortex, for example, correspond to neighboring points in the retina.

  • Brief Overview of Cranial Nerves

    • The optic nerve (II): This nerve carries visual information from the retina of the eye to the brain.