cytotoxic

(adjective)

of, relating to, or being a cytotoxin

Related Terms

Examples of cytotoxic in the following topics:

  • Type II (Cytotoxic) Reactions

    • In type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity, the antibodies produced by the immune response bind to antigens on the patient's own cell surfaces.
    • In type II hypersensitivity (or cytotoxic hypersensitivity), the antibodies produced by the immune response bind to antigens on the patient's own cell surfaces.
    • Another form of type II hypersensitivity is called antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).

  • Natural Killer Cells

    • Natural killer cells (or NK cells) are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system.
    • Natural killer cells (or NK cells) are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system.
    • The role NK cells play is similar to that of cytotoxic T cells in the vertebrate adaptive immune response.
    • Schematic diagram indicating the complementary activities of cytotoxic T-cells and NK cells.
    • Schematic diagram indicating the complementary activities of cytotoxic T-cells and NK cells.

  • Classes of T Cells

    • Effector cells include helper T cells, and cytolytic or cytotoxic T cells.
    • Cytolytic or cytotoxic T cells (characterized by the expression of CD8 marker on their surface) kill cells that produce foreign antigens, such as cells infected by viruses and other intracellular microbes .
    • Distinguish between: naive, effector (helper and cytotoxic), memory and regulatory T cells

  • Tests That Differentiate Between T Cells and B cells

    • Methods used to differentiate T cells and B cells include staining cell surface receptors and functional assays like the T lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay.
    • Another functional assay used to identify T-lymphocyte is the cytotoxic activity assay.
    • Describe how T cells and B cells can be differentiated using staining of cell surface receptors and functional assays like the T lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay

  • Antimicrobial Peptides

  • Type IV (Delayed Cell-Mediated) Reactions

    • Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, natural killer cells (NK), antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.
    • Cytotoxic T cells cause death by apoptosis without using cytokines.
    • 1. activating antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes that are able to induce apoptosis in body cells displaying epitopes of foreign antigen on their surface, such as virus-infected cells, cells with intracellular bacteria, and cancer cells displaying tumor antigens

  • Development of the Dual Lymphocyte System

    • Effector lymphocytes function to eliminate the antigen, either by releasing antibodies (in the case of B cells), cytotoxic granules (cytotoxic T cells) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system (helper T cells).

  • Inhibiting Essential Metabolite Synthesis

    • For example, azathioprine is the main immunosuppressive cytotoxic substance that is widely used in transplants to control rejection reactions by inhibiting DNA synthesis in lymphocytes.

  • Immunotherapy for Cancer

    • This involves immune cells such as the natural killer cells (NK cells), lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK cells), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and dendritic cells (DC).
    • The injected immune cells are highly cytotoxic to the cancer cells and so help to fight them.

  • Cytotoxic Autoimmune Reactions