work

Chemistry

(noun)

The transfer of energy by any process other than heat.

Related Terms

  • absolute zero
  • thermalization
  • heat
  • thermochemistry
  • entropy

(noun)

In thermodynamics, work performed by a closed system is the energy transferred to another system that is measured by the external generalized mechanical constraints on the system.

Related Terms

  • absolute zero
  • thermalization
  • heat
  • thermochemistry
  • entropy
Biology

(noun)

A measure of energy expended by moving an object, usually considered to be force times distance. No work is done if the object does not move.

Related Terms

  • first law of thermodynamics
Physics

(noun)

A measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times displacement. No work is done if the object does not move.

Related Terms

  • dot product
  • angular velocity
  • rotational inertia
  • electric potential
  • force
  • electric field
  • power
  • energy

Examples of work in the following topics:

  • Negative Work and Total Work

  • Free Energy and Work

    • The Gibbs free energy is the maximum amount of non-expansion work that can be extracted from a closed system.
    • The work is done at the expense of the system's internal energy.
    • Energy that is not extracted as work is exchanged with the surroundings as heat.
    • "Useful" in this case, refers to the work not associated with the expansion of the system.
    • This is most commonly electrical work (moving electric charge through a potential difference), but other forms of work are also possible.
  • Work

    • Thermodynamic work encompasses mechanical work (gas expansion, ) plus many other types of work, such as electrical.
    • As such, thermodynamic work is a generalization of the concept of mechanical work in mechanics.
    • Nevertheless, heat and work can produce identical results.
    • Both heat and work can cause a temperature increase.
    • Since pressure is constant, the work done is PΔV.
  • MLA: The Works Cited Section

  • Flextime

    • Under flextime, workers are allowed to determine their work schedule instead of working during the standard hours of 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
    • Flextime works well for parents when both parents work.
    • Her husband may go to work later, to see the children off to school, and thus stay at work later.
    • Flexitime is a variable work schedule, in contrast to traditional work arrangements requiring employees to work a standard 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. day.
    • Under flextime, there is typically a core period (of approximately 50% of total working time / working day) of the day, when employees are expected to be at work (for example, between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m.).
  • The Working Poor

    • The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line.
    • The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line.
    • Of these families, 5.19 million, or 58.9%, had at least one person who was classified as working
    • One of the key ongoing debates concerns the distinction between the working and the nonworking (unemployed) poor.
    • Some of these obstacles may include finding affordable housing, arranging transportation to and from work, buying basic necessities, arranging childcare, having unpredictable work schedules, juggling two or more jobs, and coping with low-status work.
  • Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem

    • The work-energy theorem states that the work done by all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the particle's kinetic energy.
    • The principle of work and kinetic energy (also known as the work-energy theorem) states that the work done by the sum of all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle.
    • A force does work on the block.
    • The kinetic energy of the block increases as a result by the amount of work.
    • This relationship is generalized in the work-energy theorem.
  • The Working Class

    • Secretaries, farmers, and hair stylists may all be considered members of the working class.
    • Working classes are mainly found in industrialized economies and in the urban areas of non-industrialized economies.
    • In the United States, the parameters of the working class remain vaguely defined and are contentious.
    • Due to differences between middle and working-class cultures, working-class college students may face "culture shock" upon entering the post-secondary education system, with its "middle class" culture.
    • Research showing that working-class students are taught to value obedience over leadership and creativity can partially account for the difficulties that many working-class individuals face upon entering colleges and universities.
  • The Importance of Paid and Unpaid Work

    • Although we usually think of work as paid, unpaid work is equally important to the economy.
    • Most of the time when we think of work, we think of paid work.
    • Unpaid workers work without pay.
    • Another important type of unpaid work is work done by family members to maintain a household.
    • As more women enter the paid workforce, many find themselves returning home after a day of paid work to continue working a "second shift" of unpaid domestic work.
  • Working Capital Management Analysis

    • Net working capital is calculated as current assets minus current liabilities.
    • If current assets are less than current liabilities, an entity has a working capital deficiency, also called a working capital deficit.
    • Decisions relating to working capital and short term financing are referred to as working capital management.
    • If money grew on trees, companies would never have a working capital shortage.
    • Identify working capital and discuss how a company would use it
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