percent

(noun)

A number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100.

Examples of percent in the following topics:

  • Calculating Percent Dissociation

    • Percent dissociation is symbolized by the Greek letter alpha, α, and it can range from 0%< α < 100%.
    • To determine percent dissociation, we first need to solve for the concentration of H+.
    • As we would expect for a weak acid, the percent dissociation is quite small.
    • However, for some weak acids, the percent dissociation can be higher—upwards of 10% or more.
    • Calculate percent dissociation for weak acids from their Ka values and a given concentration.
  • Percent Composition of Compounds

    • Butane's percent composition can be calculated as follows:
    • Mass percent H in butane: $\frac{10.079\:g\:H}{58.123\:g\:butane} \cdot 100$ = 17.3% H
    • Mass percent C in butane: $\frac {48.044\:g \:C}{ 58.123 \:g \:butane} \cdot 100$ = 82.7% C
    • This video shows how to calculate the percent composition of a compound.
    • Translate between a molecular formula of a compound and its percent composition by mass
  • Calculating Theoretical and Percent Yield

    • The percent yield of a reaction measures the reaction's efficiency.
    • Then, percent yield can be calculated.
    • If 18.0 grams were actually produced, the percent yield could be calculated:
    • It also shows how to calculate the limiting reactant and the percent yield in a chemical reaction.
    • Calculate the percent yield of a reaction, distinguishing from theoretical and actual yield.
  • Poverty and Inequality

    • The percentage of people living below the poverty level dropped from 22.4 percent in 1959 to 11.4 percent in 1978.
    • In 1998, it stood at 12.7 percent.
    • Partly as a result of this phenomenon, almost one in five children (18.9 percent) was poor in 1997.
    • The poverty rate was 36.7 percent among African-American children and 34.4 percent among Hispanic children.
    • In contrast, the poorest one-fifth earned just 4.2 percent of the nation's income, and the poorest 40 percent accounted for only 14 percent of income.
  • The Coefficient of Determination

    • r2 is called the coefficient of determination. r2 is the square of the correlation coefficient , but is usually stated as a percent, rather than in decimal form. r2 has an interpretation in the context of the data:
    • r2 , when expressed as a percent, represents the percent of variation in the dependent variable y that can be explained by variation in the independent variable x using the regression (best fit) line.
    • 1-r2 , when expressed as a percent, represents the percent of variation in y that is NOT explained by variation in x using the regression line.
  • Distribution of Wealth and Income

    • One commonly used method is to compare the wealth of the richest ten percent with the wealth of the poorest ten percent.
    • A study by the World Institute for Development Economics Research at the United Nations reports that the richest 1 percent of adults owned 40 percent of global assets in the year 2000, and that the richest 10 percent of adults accounted for 85 percent of the world total.
    • The bottom half of the world adult population owned 1 percent of global wealth.
    • For example, 10 percent of land owners in Baltimore, Maryland own 58 percent of the taxable land value.
    • The bottom 10 percent of those who own any land own less than 1 percent of the total land value.
  • Line Graphs

    • Figure 3, for example, shows percent increases and decreases in five components of the CPI.
    • A bar chart of the percent change in the CPI over time.
    • Each bar represents percent increase for the three months ending at the date indicated.
    • A line graph of the percent change in the CPI over time.
    • A line graph of the percent change in five components of the CPI over time.
  • Demographics

    • About half of all households are aged 45 and older and growing at an annual rate of one percent compared with nearly two percent in the 1980s.
    • Most adults in the United States still have not completed college (approximately 67 percent), but that number continues to decline.
    • The share of aggregate household income earned by the middle 60 percent of households has shrunk from 52 percent in 1973 to 49 percent 25 years later.
    • Meanwhile, the share of such income earned by the top 20 percent (average income USD 98,600) increased from 44 percent to 48 percent.
    • In other words, the total purchasing power of the top 20 percent of US households now equals that of the middle 60 percent.
  • Age and Participation

    • Voter turnout among eighteen- to twenty-four-year-olds dropped from 50 percent in 1972, the first presidential election year after the voting age was lowered to eighteen, to 36 percent in 2000.
    • Turnout among senior citizens, people sixty-five and older, increased to nearly 70 percent in that same time period.
    • Young voter turnout rose to 47 percent in 2004 and 51 percent in 2008, partly as a result of voter registration and mobilization efforts by groups like Rock the Vote.
  • Lab 3: Confidence Interval (Womens' Heights)

    • Write this percent below.
    • Is the percent of confidence intervals that contain the population mean µ close to 90%?
    • What do you think would happen to the percent of confidence intervals that contained the population mean?
    • What percent is this?
    • Is this percent close to 90%?
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