parathyroid gland

(noun)

One of four endocrine glands situated in the neck, usually on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, that produce parathyroid hormone.

Related Terms

  • calcitonin
  • parathyroid hormone
  • vitamin D

Examples of parathyroid gland in the following topics:

  • Overview of the Parathyroid Glands

    • The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone.
    • The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands—approximately the size of a grain of rice—in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone.
    • The two parathyroid glands on each side that are positioned higher are called the superior parathyroid glands, while the lower two are called the inferior parathyroid glands.
    • Parathyroid glands control the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones.
    • The parathyroid gland in relation to the thyroid gland.
  • Parathyroid Glands

    • Parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone, which is responsible for specific physiological responses in the body related to calcium.
    • The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands that produce parathyroid hormone.
    • Most people have four parathyroid glands; however, the number can vary from two to six.
    • The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior of the thyroid gland.
    • Describe how the parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the blood
  • Parathyroid Hormone

    • The parathyroid glands are small, pea-sized endocrine glands located on the rear side of the thyroid gland.
    • The major function of the parathyroid glands is to maintain the body's calcium level within a very narrow range, so that the nervous and muscular systems, which depend on calcium to transmit action potentials, can function properly.
    • When blood calcium levels drop below a certain point, the calcium-sensing receptors in the parathyroid gland are activated, and the parathyroid glands release parathyroid hormone (PTH) into the blood.
    • This interaction between parathyroid hormone and calcitonin is also an important part of bone remodeling.
    • Parathyroid hormone regulates the levels of calcium in the blood. to the parathyroid glands.
  • Parathyroid Gland Disorders

    • Many conditions are associated with disorders of the function of the parathyroid gland .
    • Often, these "localizing" tests used to "find" the bad parathyroid gland are not successful in locating which parathyroid gland has become a tumor.
    • The use of ultrasound-guided FNA, and parathyroid hormone washings can confirm the abnormal glands.
    • Hypoparathyroidism is decreased function of the parathyroid glands with under production of parathyroid hormone.
    • The parathyroid gland in relation to the thyroid gland.
  • Bone Tissue and the Effects of Aging

    • Calcium-sensing membrane receptors in the parathyroid gland monitor calcium levels in the extracellular fluid.
    • Low levels of calcium stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from chief cells of the parathyroid gland.
    • High levels of calcium in the blood, on the other hand, lead to decreased PTH release from the parathyroid gland.
  • Overview of Endocrine Glands

    • A collection of endocrine glands makes up the endocrine system: the pituitary (anterior and posterior lobes), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal (cortex and medulla), pancreas and gonads.
    • There are four parathyroid glands, all located on the thyroid gland.
    • All four glands also secrete parathyroid hormone, or PTH, which causes calcium to be released from the bones back into the extracellular fluid.
    • The adrenal glands are a pair of ductless glands located above the kidneys.
    • Differentiate among the types of endocrine glands (pituitary [posterior pituitary, anterior pituitary], thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pancreas) in the endocrine system
  • Bone and Calcium Homeostasis

    • Calcium release from bone is regulated by parathyroid hormone.
    • When blood calcium concentration rises, the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland increase calcitonin secretion into the blood.
    • At the same time, the parathyroid glands reduce parathyroid hormone secretion into the blood.
  • Calcium and Phosphate Balance Regulation

    • Absorption is controlled by vitamin D while excretion is controlled by parathyroid hormones.
    • However, the distribution from bone to plasma is controlled by both the parathyroid hormones and vitamin D.
    • It is the ionized calcium concentration that is monitored by the parathyroid gland and if low, parathyroid hormone secretion is increased.
    • Any excess is excreted by the kidney and this excretion is increased by the parathyroid hormone.
    • Plasma phosphate has no direct effect on parathyroid hormone secretion; however, if it is elevated it combines with Ca++, decreasing ionized Ca++ in plasma, and thereby increasing parathyroid hormone secretion.
  • Hormonal Control of Blood Calcium Levels

    • Blood levels of calcium are regulated by the parathyroid hormone, which acts on the bones, kidneys, and intestines to keep levels constant.
    • Blood calcium levels are regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is produced by the parathyroid glands.
    • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released in response to low blood calcium levels.
  • Development of the Endocrine System

    • The main endocrine glands are the hypothalamus (neuro-endocrine gland), pituitary (anterior and posterior lobes), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal (cortex and medulla), pancreas, and gonads.
    • The thyroid gland is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body.
    • Pineal gland 2.
    • Thyroid gland 4.
    • Adrenal gland 6.
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