mass defect

(noun)

The difference between the calculated mass of the unbound system and the experimentally measured mass of the nucleus.

Related Terms

  • strong force
  • nucleon

Examples of mass defect in the following topics:

  • Nuclear Binding Energy and Mass Defect

    • A nucleus weighs less than its sum of nucleons, a quantity known as the mass defect, caused by release of energy when the nucleus formed.
    • This mass, known as the mass defect, is missing in the resulting nucleus and represents the energy released when the nucleus is formed.
    • Once mass defect is known, nuclear binding energy can be calculated by converting that mass to energy by using E=mc2.
    • First, you must calculate the mass defect.
    • Calculate the mass defect and nuclear binding energy of an atom
  • Balancing Nuclear Equations

    • To balance a nuclear equation, the mass number and atomic numbers of all particles on either side of the arrow must be equal.
    • Nuclear reactions may be shown in a form similar to chemical equations, for which invariant mass, which is the mass not considering the mass defect, must balance for each side of the equation.
    • To balance the equation above for mass, charge, and mass number, the second nucleus on the right side must have atomic number 2 and mass number 4; it is therefore also helium-4.
    • The result is an atomic mass difference of 4 and an atomic number difference of 2.
    • In order to solve this equation, we simply add the mass numbers, 214 for polonium, plus 8 (two times four) for helium (two alpha particles), plus zero for the electrons, to give a mass number of 222.
  • Congenital Heart Defects

    • A congenital heart defect is a defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels that is present at birth.
    • A congenital heart defect is a defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels which is present at birth.
    • Heart defects are among the most common birth defects and are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths.
    • Many defects do not require treatment, but some complex congenital heart defects require medication or surgery.
    • As noted in several studies following similar body mass index (BMI) ranges, prepregnant and gestating women, who were obese (BMI ≥ 30), carried a statistically significant risk of birthing children with congenital heart defects (CHD) compared to normal-weight women (BMI= 19-24.9).
  • Defective Verbs

  • Genetic Defects from Radiation

    • Ionizing radiation from fallout can cause genetic effects, birth defects, cancer, cataracts, and other organ and tissue defects.
    • Ionizing radiation from fallout can cause genetic effects, birth defects, cancer, cataracts, and other organ and tissue defects.
    • Recognize the name of the genetic defect that has been shown to be caused by acute radiation exposure during pregnancy
  • Muscular Atrophy and Hypertrophy

    • Muscle atrophy is a decrease in muscle mass; muscle hypertrophy is an increase in muscle mass due to an increase in muscle cell size.
    • Muscle atrophy is the decrease in muscle strength due to a decrease in muscle mass, or the amount of muscle fibers.
    • Loss of muscle not due to atrophy or sarcopenia is indicative of diseases that result in structural defects of muscles (muscular dystrophy) or autoimmune responses that degrade muscle structure (myopathies).
  • Congenital Defects

    • Any substance that causes birth defects is known as a teratogen.
    • According to the CDC, most birth defects are believed to be caused by a complex mix of factors including genetics, environment, and behaviors, although many birth defects have no known cause.
    • An example of a birth defect is cleft palate .
    • Genetic diseases may be divided into single-gene defects, multiple-gene disorders, or chromosomal defects.
    • Most of these are single gene defects, usually heritable.
  • Hypergeometric (optional)

    • Suppose a shipment of 100 VCRs is known to have 10 defective VCRs.
    • The two groups are the 90 non-defective VCRs and the 10 defective VCRs.
    • The group of interest (first group) is the defective group because the probability question asks for the probability of at most 2 defective VCRs.
    • (They may be non-defective or defective. ) Let X = the number of defective VCRs in the sample of 12.
    • The sample size is 12, but there are only 10 defective VCRs.
  • Strikes

    • Strike action, also called a labor strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work.
    • A strike action, also called labor strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work.
    • Strikes became important during the Industrial Revolution when mass labor became important in factories and mines.
    • Are other strikers defecting from the strike?
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU)

    • Screening for PKU is done with bacterial inhibition assay (Guthrie test), immunoassays using fluorometric or photometric detection, or amino acid measurement using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).
    • A rarer form of hyperphenylalaninemia occurs when PAH is normal, but there is a defect in the biosynthesis or recycling of the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) by the patient.
    • Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency can be caused by defects in four different genes.
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