Linear epitopes

(noun)

These consist of the primary amino acid structure of a protein that makes up the larger antigen.

Related Terms

  • The Exogenous Pathway
  • T cell epitopes
  • major histocompatibility complex

Examples of Linear epitopes in the following topics:

  • Antigenic Determinants and Processing Pathways

    • Most epitopes are conformational.
    • Linear epitopes interact with the paratope based on their primary structure (shape of the protein's components).
    • A linear epitope is formed by a continuous sequence of amino acids from the antigen, which creates a "line" of sorts that builds the protein structure.
    • Antigenic determinants recognized by B cells and the antibodies secreted by B cells can be either conformational or linear epitopes.
    • Antigenic determinants recognized by T cells are typically linear epitopes.
  • Immune Complex Autoimmune Reactions

    • An immune complex is formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen and can function as an epitope.
    • The bound antigen acting as a specific epitope, bound to an antibody is referred to as a singular immune complex .
    • The bound antigen acting as a specific epitope, bound to an antibody is referred to as a singular immune complex.
  • Linear Equations

    • A linear equation is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and a single variable.
    • A common form of a linear equation in the two variables $x$ and $y$ is:
    • The origin of the name "linear" comes from the fact that the set of solutions of such an equation forms a straight line in the plane.
    • Linear differential equations are differential equations that have solutions which can be added together to form other solutions.
    • Linear differential equations are of the form:
  • Making Memory B Cells

    • To understand the events taking place, it is important to appreciate that the antibody molecules present on a clone (a group of genetically identical cells) of B cells have a unique paratope (the sequence of amino acids that binds to the epitope on an antigen).
    • Some of the resulting paratopes (and the cells elaborating them) have a better affinity for the antigen (actually, the epitope) and are more likely to proliferate than the others.
    • The part of the antigen to which the paratope binds is called an epitope.
  • Monoclonal Antibodies

    • Monoclonal antibodies are monospecific antibodies that recognize one specific epitope on a pathogen.
    • Monoclonal antibodies have monovalent affinity in that they bind to the same epitope.
  • Linear Approximation

    • A linear approximation is an approximation of a general function using a linear function.
    • In mathematics, a linear approximation is an approximation of a general function using a linear function (more precisely, an affine function).
    • Linear approximations are widely used to solve (or approximate solutions to) equations.
    • Linear approximation is achieved by using Taylor's theorem to approximate the value of a function at a point.
    • If one were to take an infinitesimally small step size for $a$, the linear approximation would exactly match the function.
  • Extracellular Immune Avoidance

    • Other pathogens invade the body by changing the non-essential epitopes on their surface rapidly while keeping the essential epitopes hidden.
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

    • The sandwich assay uses two different antibodies that are reactive with different epitopes on the antigen with a concentration that needs to be determined.
  • Nonhomogeneous Linear Equations

    • In the previous atom, we learned that a second-order linear differential equation has the form:
    • When $f(t)=0$, the equations are called homogeneous second-order linear differential equations.
    • However, there is a very important property of the linear differential equation, which can be useful in finding solutions.
    • Phenomena such as heat transfer can be described using nonhomogeneous second-order linear differential equations.
    • Identify when a second-order linear differential equation can be solved analytically
  • Linear and Quadratic Functions

    • Linear and quadratic functions make lines and parabola, respectively, when graphed.
    • In calculus and algebra, the term linear function refers to a function that satisfies the following two linearity properties:
    • Linear functions may be confused with affine functions.
    • Although affine functions make lines when graphed, they do not satisfy the properties of linearity.
    • Linear functions form the basis of linear algebra.
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