holoenzyme

(noun)

a fully functioning enzyme, composed of all its subunits

Related Terms

  • promoter

Examples of holoenzyme in the following topics:

  • Prokaryotic Transcription and Translation Are Coupled

    • RNA polymerase (RNAP) binds to one of several specificity factors, σ, to form a holoenzyme.
    • This holoenzyme/wound-DNA structure is referred to as the closed complex.
    • This holoenzyme/unwound-DNA structure is called the open complex.
    • The RNA polymerase transcribes the DNA (the beta subunit initiates the synthesis), but produces about 10 abortive (short, non-productive) transcripts which are unable to leave the RNA polymerase because the exit channel is blocked by the σ-factor.The σ-factor eventually dissociates from the holoenzyme, and elongation proceeds.
    • Additional transcription regulation comes from transcription factors that can affect the stability of the holoenzyme structure at initiation.
  • Initiation of Transcription in Prokaryotes

    • The polymerase comprised of all five subunits is called the holoenzyme.
  • Cofactors and Energy Transitions

    • An inactive enzyme without the cofactor is called an apoenzyme, while the complete enzyme with cofactor is the holoenzyme.
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