carotenoid

Examples of carotenoid in the following topics:

• Absorption of Light

  • Pigments, like chlorophyll and carotenoids, absorb and reflect light at a certain region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • With dozens of different forms, carotenoids are a much larger group of pigments.
  • In photosynthesis, carotenoids function as photosynthetic pigments that are very efficient molecules for the disposal of excess energy.
  • Therefore, many carotenoids are stored in the thylakoid membrane to absorb excess energy and safely release that energy as heat.
  • Carotenoids absorb light in the blue-green and violet region and reflect the longer yellow, red, and orange wavelengths .

• Horizontal Gene Transfer

  • Aphids are insects that vary in color based on carotenoid content.
  • On the other hand, aphids have acquired the ability to make the carotenoids on their own.
  • A carotenoid enzyme called a desaturase is responsible for the red coloration seen in certain aphids.
  • (a) Red aphids get their color from red carotenoid pigment.
  • If genes for making carotenoids are inactivated by mutation, the aphids revert back to (b) their green color.

• Genomic Similiarities between Distant Species

  • Aphids are insects that vary in color based on carotenoid content.
  • Humans require carotenoids to synthesize vitamin A, and we obtain them by eating orange fruits and vegetables: carrots, apricots, mangoes, and sweet potatoes.
  • On the other hand, aphids have acquired the ability to make the carotenoids on their own.
  • (a) Red aphids get their color from red carotenoid pigment.
  • If genes for making carotenoids are inactivated by mutation, the aphids revert back to (b) their green color.

• Streptophytes and Reproduction of Green Algae

  • Green algae contain the same carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b as land plants, whereas other algae have different accessory pigments and types of chlorophyll molecules in addition to chlorophyll a.

• Sporophytes and Gametophytes in Seedless Plants

  • This complex substance is characterized by long chains of organic molecules related to fatty acids and carotenoids: hence the yellow color of most pollen.

• Processes of the Light-Dependent Reactions

  • Each photosystem consists of multiple antenna proteins that contain a mixture of 300–400 chlorophyll a and b molecules, as well as other pigments like carotenoids.

• Chromalveolata: Stramenopiles

  • Their characteristic gold color results from their extensive use of carotenoids, a group of photosynthetic pigments that are generally yellow or orange in color.