biotechnology

(noun)

the use of living organisms (especially microorganisms) in industrial, agricultural, medical, and other technological applications

Related Terms

  • sequencing
  • genomics
  • fermentation

Examples of biotechnology in the following topics:

  • Early Biotechnology: Cheese, Bread, Wine, Beer, and Yogurt

  • Biotechnology

    • Relying on the study of DNA, genomics analyzes entire genomes, while biotechnology uses biological agents for technological advancements.
    • Another rapidly-advancing field that utilizes DNA is biotechnology.
    • Biotechnology was used for breeding livestock and crops long before the scientific basis of these techniques was understood.
    • Since the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953, the field of biotechnology has grown rapidly through both academic research and private companies.
    • Biotechnology also has many industrial applications, such as fermentation, the treatment of oil spills, and the production of biofuels.
  • Early Biotechnology: Cheese, Bread, Wine, Beer, and Yogurt

    • Some of the earliest biotechnology used prokaryotes for the production of food products such as cheese, bread, wine, beer, and yogurt.
    • Genetic engineering, artificial selection, antibiotic production, and cell culture are current topics of study in biotechnology.
    • However, humans have used prokaryotes before the term biotechnology was even coined.
    • Some of the products derived from the use of prokaryotes in early biotechnology include (a) cheese, (b) wine, (c) beer and bread, and (d) yogurt.
    • Discuss the origins of food biotechnology as indicated by the production of cheese, bread, wine, beer, and yogurt
  • Biotechnology in Medicine

    • From manipulation of mutant genes to enhanced resistance to disease, biotechnology has allowed advances in medicine.
    • It is easy to see how biotechnology can be used for medicinal purposes.
    • With modern biotechnology, these genes can be used as targets for the development of effective new therapies, which could significantly shorten the drug discovery process.
    • Modern biotechnology can be used to manufacture existing drugs more easily and cheaply.
    • Since then, modern biotechnology has made it possible to produce more easily and cheaply the human growth hormone, clotting factors for hemophiliacs, fertility drugs, erythropoietin, and other drugs.
  • Production of Vaccines, Antibiotics, and Hormones

    • Biotechnological advances in gene manipulation techniques have further resulted in the production of vaccines, antibiotics, and hormones.
    • Antibiotics are biotechnological products that inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacteria.
    • Discuss the methods by which biotechnology is used to produce vaccines, antibiotics, and hormones.
  • Modern Applications of DNA

    • Ethical concerns have surfaced about this biotechnology and the prospect of editing the human germline and making so-called 'designer babies'.
    • As in many of these biotechnology areas there is considerable controversy in the use of GMOs.
  • Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

    • Farmers developed ways to select for plant varieties with desirable traits long before modern-day biotechnology practices were established.
    • Modern biotechnology has allowed plants to encode their own crystal Bt toxin that acts against insects.
    • Corn, a major agricultural crop used to create products for a variety of industries, is often modified through plant biotechnology.
  • Reproductive Cloning

    • Recent advances in biotechnology have made it possible to artificially induce asexual reproduction of mammals in the laboratory.
  • Physical Maps and Integration with Genetic Maps

    • Mapping information generated in laboratories worldwide is entered into central databases, such as GenBank at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
  • The Structure and Sequence of DNA

    • Knowledge of DNA sequences has become indispensable for basic biological research, and in numerous applied fields such as diagnostics, biotechnology, forensic biology, and biological systematics.
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