autosome

Examples of autosome in the following topics:

• Disorders in Chromosome Number

  • Monosomy for autosomes is usually lethal in humans and other animals.
  • Down syndrome is the only autosomal trisomy in humans that has a substantial number of survivors one year after birth.

• X-Inactivation

  • Humans display dramatic deleterious effects with autosomal trisomies and monosomies.
  • Rather than a gain or loss of autosomes, variations in the number of X chromosomes are associated with relatively mild effects.

• Identification of Chromosomes and Karyotypes

  • In a human karyotype, autosomes or "body chromosomes" (all of the non–sex chromosomes) are generally organized in approximate order of size from largest (chromosome 1) to smallest (chromosome 22).
  • The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomes and are referred to as the sex chromosomes.

• Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

  • They have three pair of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes.

• Genes as the Unit of Heredity

  • Together they form 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes (either XX if you are female, or XY if you are male).

• Sex-Linked Traits

  • Until now, we have only considered inheritance patterns among non-sex chromosomes, or autosomes.
  • In addition to 22 homologous pairs of autosomes, human females have a homologous pair of X chromosomes, whereas human males have an XY chromosome pair.