karyotype

Examples of karyotype in the following topics:

• Identification of Chromosomes and Karyotypes

  • A karyotype depicts the number, size, and any abnormalities of the chromosomes in an organism.
  • A karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes.
  • At its most basic, the karyotype may reveal genetic abnormalities in which an individual has too many or too few chromosomes per cell.
  • This karyotype is of a male human.
  • Describe a normal human karyotype and discuss the various abnormalities that can be detected using this technique

• Down Syndrome

  • A Robertsonian translocation in the karyotype of one of the parents may also cause Down syndrome.
  • This karyotype indicates that the fetus has Down Syndrome as it has three chromosome 21 instead of two.

• Prenatal Diagnostic Tests

  • This karyotype indicates that the fetus has Down Syndrome as it has three of chromosome 21 instead of two.

• Fibrocystic Disease of the Breasts

  • Over time, presumably driven by aberrant growth signals, such lesions may accumulate epigenetic, genetic and karyotypic changes such as modified expression of hormone receptors and loss of heterozygosity.

• Disorders in Chromosome Number

  • Of all of the chromosomal disorders, abnormalities in chromosome number are the most obviously identifiable from a karyotype and are referred to as aneuploidy.

• Introduction to Mendelian Inheritance

  • We can now view a human karyotype of all of the chromosomes in an individual to visualize chromosomal abnormalities in offspring, even before birth.

• Sex-Linked Traits

  • A human males possesses XY chromosomes, as seen in the bottom left of this karyotype.

• Genomic DNA and Chromosomes

  • The condensed chromosomes are viewed within the nucleus (top), removed from a cell in mitosis and spread out on a slide (right), and artificially arranged according to length (left); an arrangement like this is called a karyotype.