patch test

(noun)

A patch test is a method used to determine if a specific substance causes allergic inflammation of the skin.

Related Terms

  • allergen
  • anaphylaxis

Examples of patch test in the following topics:

  • Allergies

    • A variety of tests exist to diagnose allergic conditions.
    • Blood tests can be done to look for an allergen-specific IgE.
    • Skin allergy testing is another method for medical diagnosis of allergies through the attempt to provoke a small, controlled, allergic response.
    • A microscopic amount of an allergen (for example, tree pollen) is introduced to a patient's skin by means of either a prick test, which employs a needle or pin to break the skin's surface, or a patch test, where a patch containing the allergen is applied to the skin.
    • Further testing can then be performed in order to identify the specific allergen.
  • Transdermal Drug Administration

    • A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream.
    • Vapor patch: In this type of patch, the adhesive layer not only serves to adhere the various layers together, but also to release vapor.
    • These patches administered scopolamine for motion sickness.
    • The highest-selling transdermal patch in the United States is the nicotine patch, which releases nicotine in controlled doses to help with cessation of tobacco smoking.
    • A 21mg dose Nicoderm CQ patch applied to the left arm.
  • Ovarian Cysts

    • Additionally, a blood test may be taken before surgery to check for elevated CA-125, a tumor marker, which is often found in increased levels in ovarian cancer, although it can also be elevated by other conditions resulting in a large number of false positives.
    • A chocolate cyst is an endometrioma, endometrioid cyst, endometrial cyst, or chocolate cyst is caused by endometriosis, and formed when a tiny patch of endometrial tissue (the mucous membrane that makes up the inner layer of the uterine wall) bleeds, sloughs off, becomes transplanted, and grows and enlarges inside the ovaries.
  • Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis

    • Because of the link between dermatomyositis and autoimmune disease, doctors and patients suspecting dermatomyositis may find it helpful to run an antinuclear antibody test (ANA test), which in cases of a lupus-like nature may be positive (usually from 1:160 to 1:640, with normal ranges at 1:40 and below).
    • Gottron lesions, scaly erythematous eruptions, or red patches overlying the knuckles, elbows, and knees are a characteristic feature of dermatomyositis .
  • Spinal Tap

    • In any age group, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, benign intracranial hypertension, and many other conditions may be diagnosed with this test.
    • It can be treated by further bedrest, or by an epidural blood patch, where the patient's own blood is injected back into the site of leakage to form a clot and seal off the leak.
  • Maturation of B Cells

    • After reaching the IgM+ immature stage in the bone marrow, these immature B cells migrate to secondary lymphoid tissues (such as the spleen, lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, etc.) where they are called transitional B cells, and some of these cells differentiate into mature B lymphocytes.
    • Like their fellow lymphocytes, the T cells, immature B cells are tested for auto-reactivity by the immune system before leaving the bone marrow.
  • Vitiligo

    • The most notable symptom of vitiligo is depigmentation of patches of skin that occurs on the extremities.
    • Although patches are initially small, they often enlarge and change shape.
    • In mild cases, vitiligo patches can be hidden with makeup or other cosmetic camouflage solutions.
  • Histology of the Small Intestine

    • The jejunum and ileum do not have Brunner's glands in the submucosa, while the ileum has Peyer's patches in the mucosa, but the duodenum and jejunum do not.
    • Peyer's patches are organized lymph nodules.
    • Peyer's patches function as the immune surveillance system of the intestinal lumen and facilitate the generation of the immune response within the mucosa.
  • Alopecia

    • Typical first symptoms of AA are small bald patches.
    • These patches can take many shapes, but are most usually round or oval.
  • Excretion and Absorption

    • The most common mechanism of administration through the skin is the use of ointments or an adhesive patch, such as the nicotine patch or iontophoresis.
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