agriculture

(noun)

The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops and the rearing and management of livestock, tillage, husbandry, and farming.

Related Terms

  • slavery
  • indentured servant

Examples of agriculture in the following topics:

  • Commercial Farmers

    • New technologies rapidly transformed and commercialized the agricultural sector in the American South and West.
    • Prior to the Revolutionary War, agriculture created the livelihood for 90 percent of the population.
    • These developments rapidly increased agricultural production in the West and made commercial farming viable.
    • International markets were important for commercial agriculture, especially for cotton.
    • The commercialization of agriculture changed the economic base for the South and West.
  • Agricultural Settlements and Chiefdoms

    • Agriculture in North America emerged only gradually, but proved revolutionary in its impact.
    • Agriculture in North America emerged only gradually, but proved revolutionary in its impact.
    • Agriculture gradually became more important throughout the first millennium CE, with villagers becoming largely agricultural by the beginning of the second millennium.
    • Ultimately, the Eastern Agricultural Complex was thoroughly replaced by maize-based agriculture .
    • Maize was a major crop for most all of the early agricultural societies in North America.
  • Changes in Agricultural Production

    • Agricultural competition from Europe and Russia had disappeared due to the damages of battle and American agricultural goods were shipped around the world.
    • The early 1920s saw a rapid expansion in the American agricultural economy, largely due to new technologies and mechanization.
    • When the war ended, the global food supply increased rapidly as Europe's agricultural market rebounded.
    • The agricultural depression grew steadily worse in the middle 1920s while the rest of the economy flourished.
    • Describe how American agricultural production declined over the course of the 1920s
  • Agricultural Initiatives and Recovery

    • Because of the war effort, agricultural production and prices were record high.
    • However, in the aftermath of WWI, the agricultural sector began collapsing under the weight of its own success.
    • One of the main goals of Roosevelt's administration was to control (lower) agricultural production and increase prices.
    • In the aftermath of this decision, the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 followed.
    • Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Planting Crew, author unknown, 1939.
  • Farm and Rural Programs

    • The Agricultural Adjustment Act, one of the more controversial acts, attempted to plan and regulate the agricultural sector of the economy.
    • One of the New Deal's more contraversial programs was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which attempted to plan and regulate the agricultural sector of the economy.
    • The main point of the case was whether certain provisions of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 conflicted with the Constitution.
    • Although the Act stimulated American agriculture, it was not without its faults.
    • The New Deal's agricultural programs were controversial and criticized harshly by many, including some farmers.
  • Tenants, Sharecroppers, and Migrants

    • A hired hand is an agricultural employee, even though he or she may live on the premises and exercise a considerable amount of control over the agricultural work, such as a foreman.
    • Prior to restrictions against the slave trade, agriculture in the United States was largely dependent on slave labor; contrary to popular myth, slavery, while more prominent in the Southern plantation system, was used in both the North and South as a way of supplying labor to agriculture.
    • At the turn of the twentieth century, workers from Mexico and the Philippines began to enter the United States to work as cheap agricultural laborers.
    • Other sources of cheap agricultural labor during this time were found in unskilled European immigrants, whom, unlike Chinese, Mexican, or Filipino laborers, were not brought to the United States to work specifically as cheap laborers but were hired to work in agriculture nonetheless.
    • The experiences of migrant laborers in agriculture during this period varied.
  • The American Rally

    • Numerous efforts were made to bolster domestic morale for the war on the home front and keep the agriculture sector afloat.
    • During World War I, food production had fallen dramatically, especially in Europe, where agricultural labor had been recruited into military service and remaining farms devastated by the conflict.
    • Although, at first, the Department of Agriculture objected to Eleanor Roosevelt's institution of a victory garden on the White House grounds, fearing that such a movement would hurt the food industry, basic information about gardening appeared in public services booklets distributed by the Department of Agriculture, and by agribusiness corporations such as International Harvester and Beech-Nut.
    • Department of Agriculture estimates that more than 20 million victory gardens were planted.
    • Another wartime group, the Women's Land Army of America (WLAA), was created during the First and Second World Wars to work in agriculture, replacing men called up to the military .
  • Higher Education

    • For 20 years prior to the first introduction of the bill in 1857, a political movement, led by Professor Jonathan Baldwin Turner of Illinois College, called for the creation of agriculture colleges.
    • In 1861, Morrill resubmitted the act with the amendment that the proposed institutions would teach military tactics as well as engineering and agriculture.
    • The Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania (later the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania and then Pennsylvania State University), chartered in 1855, was intended to uphold declining agrarian values and show farmers ways to prosper through more productive farming.
    • Students were to build character and meet a part of their expenses by performing agricultural labor.
    • In the early years, the agricultural curriculum was not well developed, and politicians in Harrisburg often considered it a costly and useless experiment.
  • American Technology

    • Inventions emerged in the 19th century that greatly impacted communications, transportation and commercial agriculture.
    • Though the United States borrowed significantly from Europe's technological advancements during the Industrial Revolution, several great American inventions emerged at the turn of the 19th century greatly impacting manufacturing, communications, transportation, and commercial agriculture.
  • The Diversity of the West

    • They also worked in mining, agriculture, and small businesses, many living in San Francisco.
    • Prior to restrictions against the slave trade, agriculture in the United States was largely dependent on slave labor; contrary to popular myth, slavery, while more prominent in the Southern plantation system, was used in both the North and South as a way of supplying labor to agriculture.
    • At the turn of the twentieth century, workers from Mexico and the Philippines began to enter the United States to work as cheap agricultural laborers.
    • Other sources of cheap agricultural labor during this time were found in unskilled European immigrants, whom, unlike Chinese, Mexican, or Filipino laborers, were not brought to the United States to work specifically as cheap laborers but were hired to work in agriculture nonetheless.
    • The experiences of migrant laborers in agriculture during this period varied.
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