graded membership

(noun)

Different levels of adherence to a category.

Related Terms

  • ype
  • prototype

Examples of graded membership in the following topics:

  • Classification and Categorization

    • Prototype theory is not binary; instead it uses graded membership.
    • There are different levels of membership in the category DOG, and those levels are on a hierarchy.
  • Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

    • Adolescents begin by defining themselves based on their membership in a group and then focus in on a personal identity.
    • Warm and healthy parent-child relationships have been associated with positive child outcomes, such as better grades and fewer school-behavior problems, in the United States as well as in other countries (Hair et al., 2005).
  • The Intellectually Gifted

    • One way schools may handle this issue is to allow a gifted child to skip grades.
    • The potential disadvantages, however, are substantial: younger students will experience physical development later than their grade-level peers and may experience emotional development later as well.
    • Some programs even offer gifted children college-level credit for advanced placement classes (with a passing grade on an assessment test).
  • Correlational Research

    • You might expect to see a positive correlation between high school GPA and college GPA—in other words, that those students with high grades in high school will also tend to have high grades in college.
    • You might expect to see a negative correlation between the amount of partying the night before a test and the score on that test—in other words, that more partying relates to a lower grade.
  • The Cognitive and Achievement Approaches to Motivation

    • ., to master the material); to get good grades (i.e., to perform well); or to avoid a poor or failing mark (i.e., to avoid performing poorly).
    • Students with performance goals often tend to get higher grades than those who primarily express mastery goals, and this advantage is often seen both in the short term (with individual assignments) and in the long term (with overall grade point average when graduating).
  • Group Behavior

    • People join groups for a multitude of reasons, most frequently because membership satisfies a need of the individual.
    • Group membership can provide companionship, survival and security, affiliation status, power and control, and achievement.
  • Standardized Tests

    • Achievement tests, which are designed to assess what students have learned in a specific content area or at a specific grade level.
    • Criterion-referenced tests are often used to determine what students are eligible for promotion to the next grade or graduation from high school.
  • Psychology and the Scientific Method

    • For example, a researcher may question whether there is a relationship between the amount of studying a person does and the grade he or she achieves; a hypothesis might propose that the more a student studies, the higher his or her grades are.
  • Bandura's and Rotter's Social-Cognitive Theories of Personality

    • A student with an internal locus of control may receive a poor grade on an exam and conclude that they did not study enough.
    • They realize their efforts caused the grade and that they will have to try harder next time.
  • Temporal Motivation Theory

    • The student enjoys socializing but needs to achieve a good grade.
Subjects
  • Accounting
  • Algebra
  • Art History
  • Biology
  • Business
  • Calculus
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  • Communications
  • Economics
  • Finance
  • Management
  • Marketing
  • Microbiology
  • Physics
  • Physiology
  • Political Science
  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Statistics
  • U.S. History
  • World History
  • Writing

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