atherosclerosis

(noun)

The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).

Related Terms

  • congestive heart failure
  • arrhythmia
  • fibrosis
  • cardiac output

Examples of atherosclerosis in the following topics:

  • Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction

    • Ischemic heart disease is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, usually due to atherosclerosis, and can lead to a heart attack.
    • Coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the heart arteries due to atherosclerosis, the deposition of fat on the walls .
    • The disease process underlying most ischemic heart disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which decreases blood flow to the heart muscle.
    • Atherosclerosis reduces blood flow to the heart muscle, causing ischemia.
    • This diagram depicts the progression of atherosclerosis in a blood vessel.
  • Aging and the Cardiovascular System

    • The health of the myocardium can become impaired with age as the arteries narrow or become clogged due to atherosclerosis.
    • The health of the myocardium depends on its blood supply, and with age there is greater likelihood that atherosclerosis will narrow the coronary arteries.
    • Atherosclerosis can lead to an MI, the leading cause of death for both men and women all over the world.
    • Atherosclerosis, the deposition of cholesterol on and in the walls of the arteries, narrows the lumen, decreases blood flow, and forms rough surfaces that may cause intravascular clot formation .
  • Aging and the Heart

    • Atherosclerosis is the deposition of cholesterol on and in the walls of the arteries, which decreases blood flow and forms rough surfaces that may cause intravascular clot formation.
  • Effects of Exercise on the Heart

    • A sedentary and inactive lifestyle is associated with greater risk for hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarctions, due to the metabolic changes that accompany a sedentary lifestyle.
    • Higher levels of fat can cause metabolic syndrome, in which chronic inflammation in the blood vessels increases the risk of atherosclerosis and hypertension.
  • Coronary Artery Disease

    • This micrograph, stained with Masson's trichrome (blue/green = collagen, dark brown = nuclei, red = smooth muscle actin) to illustrate atherosclerosis and narrowing of the vessel lumen.
    • Characteristics of atherosclerosis shown here include thickening of the tunica intima, fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (a very thin black wavy layer) between the intima and media, partial duplication of the internal elastic lamina, smooth muscle infiltration of the intima (from the media, red staining of the intima), and luminal narrowing.
  • Regulation of Blood Cholesterol Levels

    • Differences in cholesterol homeostasis affect the development of early atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness).
  • Raynaud's Phenomenon

    • Obstructive disorders which may cause secondary Raynaud's include atherosclerosis, Takayasu's arteritis, subclavian aneurysms, and thoracic outlet syndrome.
  • Cerebrovascular Accident

    • Because a stroke may indicate underlying atherosclerosis, it is important to determine the patient's risk for other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease.
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