Examples of transformation in the following topics:
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- Transformation is the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings.
- Transformation occurs naturally in some species of bacteria, but it can also be effected by artificial means in other cells.
- However, the mechanism of the uptake of DNA via chemically-induced competence in this calcium chloride transformation method is unclear.
- Avery, et al. were first to demonstrate that "rough" colonies of S. pneumoniae could be transformed to "smooth" (capsule producing) colonies by addition of DNA extracts of the former to the latter, thus "transforming" them.
- Illustration of bacterial transformation.
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- ., transformation, transduction, transfection, and electroporation).
- The methods used to get DNA into cells are varied, and the name applied to this step in the molecular cloning process will often depend upon the experimental method that is chosen (e.g., transformation, transduction, transfection, electroporation).
- When microorganisms are able to take up and replicate DNA from their local environment, the process is termed transformation, and cells that are in a physiological state such that they can take up DNA, are said to be competent.
- Both transformation and transfection usually require preparation of the cells through a special growth regime and chemical treatment process that will vary with the specific species and cell types that are used.
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- Viruses can cause cancer by transforming a normal cell into a malignant cell.
- Transformation occurs when a virus infects and genetically alters a cell.
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- Inside the mammalian host, they transform into bloodstream trypomastigotes, and are carried to other sites throughout the body, reach other body fluids (e.g., lymph, spinal fluid), and continue to replicate by binary fission.
- In the fly's midgut, the parasites transform into procyclic trypomastigotes, multiply by binary fission, leave the midgut, and transform into epimastigotes.
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- The site of penetration will promote the transformation of the miracidium into a primary sporocyst.
- As the cercaria penetrates the skin, it transforms into a migrating schistosomulum stage.
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- The process of horizontal gene transfer can occur via three mechanisms: transformation, transduction and conjugation.
- An example of a virus which can promote the transformation of bacterium from a nontoxic to toxic strain via lysogeny is the CTXφ virus.
- Specifically, the bacterium, Vibrio cholerae, is transformed into a toxic strain upon infection with the bacteriophage.
- Specifically, the exchange of plasmid DNA falls under transformation.
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- Plasmid host-to-host transfer requires direct mechanical transfer by conjugation, or changes in incipient host gene expression allowing the intentional uptake of the genetic element by transformation.
- Microbial transformation with plasmid DNA is neither parasitic nor symbiotic in nature, because each implies the presence of an independent species living in a commensal or detrimental state with the host organism.
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- The methods used to get DNA into cells are varied, and the name applied to this step in the molecular cloning process will often depend upon the experimental method that is chosen (e.g. transformation, transduction, transfection, electroporation).
- When microorganisms are able to take up and replicate DNA from their local environment, the process is termed transformation, and cells that are in a physiological state such that they can take up DNA are said to be competent.
- The vector is then transformed into competent cell (bacteria).
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- Whenever you successfully transform a bacterial culture with a plasmid or whenever you obtain a new bacterial strain, you will want to make a long term stock of that bacteria.
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- Vaccination has transformed this.