NADPH

(noun)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) carrying electrons and bonded with a hydrogen (H) ion; the reduced form of NADP+.

Related Terms

Examples of NADPH in the following topics:

  • The Pentose Phosphate Shunt

    • During this process two molecules of NADP+ are reduced to NADPH.
    • Glucose 6-phosphate + 2 NADP+ + H2O → ribulose-5-phosphate + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + CO2
    • NADPH-utilizing pathways, such as fatty acid synthesis, generate NADP+, which stimulates glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to produce more NADPH.
    • Additionally, NADPH can be used by cells to prevent oxidative stress.
    • The pentose phosphate pathway generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADPH.

  • Intermediates Produced During the Calvin Cycle

    • This process requires the enzyme RuBisCO and both ATP and NADPH.
    • Once the bisphosphoglycerate molecules are formed, they must be converted and further reduced to GAP by NADPH.
    • The intermediate of this product is the conversion of NADPH to NADP+ and an inorganic phosphate ion.
    • NADP+ is a coenzyme which is necessary for the function of NADPH.

  • The Entner–Doudoroff Pathway

    • The Entner–Doudoroff pathway also has a net yield of 1 ATP for every glucose molecule processed, as well as 1 NADH and 1 NADPH.

  • Oxidoreductase Protein Complexes

    • Oxidoreductases can be further classified into 22 subclasses: EC 1.1 includes oxidoreductases that act on the CH-OH group of donors (alcohol oxidoreductases); EC 1.2 includes oxidoreductases that act on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors; EC 1.3 includes oxidoreductases that act on the CH-CH group of donors (CH-CH oxidoreductases); EC 1.4 includes oxidoreductases that act on the CH-NH2 group of donors (Amino acid oxidoreductases, Monoamine oxidase); EC 1.5 includes oxidoreductases that act on CH-NH group of donors; EC 1.6 includes oxidoreductases that act on NADH or NADPH; EC 1.7 includes oxidoreductases that act on other nitrogenous compounds as donors; EC 1.8 includes oxidoreductases that act on a sulfur group of donors; EC 1.9 includes oxidoreductases that act on a heme group of donors; EC 1.10 includes oxidoreductases that act on diphenols and related substances as donors; EC 1.11 includes oxidoreductases that act on peroxide as an acceptor (peroxidases); EC 1.12 includes oxidoreductases that act on hydrogen as donors; EC 1.13 includes oxidoreductases that act on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases); EC 1.14 includes oxidoreductases that act on paired donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen; EC 1.15 includes oxidoreductases that act on superoxide radicals as acceptors; EC 1.16 includes oxidoreductases that oxidize metal ions; EC 1.17 includes oxidoreductases that act on CH or CH2 groups; EC 1.18 includes oxidoreductases that act on iron-sulfur proteins as donors; EC 1.19 includes oxidoreductases that act on reduced flavodoxin as a donor; EC 1.20 includes oxidoreductases that act on phosphorus or arsenic in donors; EC 1.21 includes oxidoreductases that act on X-H and Y-H to form an X-Y bond; and EC 1.97 includes other oxidoreductases.

  • Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

    • Phototrophy is the process by which organisms trap light energy (photons) and store it as chemical energy in the form of ATP and/or reducing power in NADPH.

  • Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria

    • Phototrophy is the process by which organisms trap light energy (photons) and store it as chemical energy in the form of ATP and/or reducing power in NADPH.

  • Types of Catabolism

    • An alternative route for glucose breakdown is the pentose phosphate pathway, which reduces the coenzyme NADPH and produces pentose sugars such as ribose, the sugar component of nucleic acids.

  • Regulation of the Calvin Cycle

    • This reducing process is mediated by both ATP and NADPH.