vicariance

(noun)

the separation of a group of organisms by a geographic barrier, resulting in differentiation of the original group into new varieties or species

Related Terms

Examples of vicariance in the following topics:

  • Bandura and Observational Learning

    • If you saw that the model was reinforced for her behavior, you will be more motivated to copy her; this is known as vicarious reinforcement.
    • On the other hand, if you observed the model being punished, you would be less motivated to copy her; this is called vicarious punishment.

  • Allopatric Speciation

    • Biologists group allopatric processes into two categories: dispersal and vicariance.
    • Dispersal occurs when a few members of a species move to a new geographical area, while vicariance occurs when a natural situation arises to physically divide organisms.

  • Self-Efficacy

  • Unconscious Perception and Influences on Behavior

    • Subliminal advertising was first created by James Vicary in 1957, a market researcher, when he inserted the words "Eat Popcorn" and "Drink Coca-Cola" into a movie to study the impact it would have on movie concession sales.

  • Theories of Attitude Formation and Change

    • An observed behavior does not have to be reinforced to be learned (Zimbardo & Leippe, 1991), and the model "can be presented on film, by television, in a novel, or by other vicarious means" (Martin & Briggs, 1986, p. 28).