thrombosis

Examples of thrombosis in the following topics:

• Medical Uses of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

  • The physician must carefully weigh the costs (such as a 50% increase in the rate of thrombosis with use of erythropoietin) with the benefits.
  • However, any benefit of erythropoetin must be weighed against the 50% increase in thrombosis, which can cause obstruction of circulation and has been demonstrated in numerous trials.

• Anticoagulants

  • A group of pharmaceuticals called anticoagulants can be used in vivo as a medication for thrombotic (clotting) disorders including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
  • These anticoagulants are used to treat patients with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), atrial fibrillation (AF), and mechanical prosthetic heart valves.

• Platelets

  • However, if the number of platelets is too high, blood clots can form (thrombosis), which may obstruct blood vessels and result in ischemic tissue damage caused by a stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, or the blockage of blood vessels to other parts of the body.
  • Thrombosis also occurs when blood is allowed to pool, which causes clotting factors and platelets to form a blood clot even in the absence of an injury.

• Cerebrovascular Accident

  • This can be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism) or a hemorrhage (leakage of blood).
  • Two types of thrombosis can cause stroke: large vessel disease involves the common and internal carotids, vertebral, and the Circle of Willis.
  • Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis leads to stroke due to locally increased venous pressure, which exceeds the pressure generated by the arteries.

• Coagulation

  • An embolism is any thrombosis (blood clot)  that breaks off without being dissolved and travels through the bloodstream to another site.
  • Additionally, endothelial damage caused by immune system factors like inflammation or hypersensitivity may also cause unnecessary thrombosis and embolism.

• Sinusitis

  • Sinusitis may extend to the central nervous system where it may cause cavernous sinus thrombosis, retrograde meningitis, and epidural, subdural, and brain abscesses.

• Immune Complex Autoimmune Reactions

  • Further aggregation of immune complex-related processes induces a local fibrinoid necrosis with ischemia-aggravating thrombosis in the tissue vessel walls.

• The Portacaval Shunt

  • Less common causes include diseases such as hemochromatosis, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and portal vein thrombosis.

• Nonrespiratory Air Movements

  • A fibrinolytic that can break up thrombosis (blood clots) in the lungs.

• Platelet Formation

  • If the number of platelets is too high, blood clots can form (thrombosis) and travel through the bloodstream, which may obstruct blood vessels and result in ischemic events.