The second Agricultural Adjustment Act

(noun)

A 1938 New Deal law that authorized crop loans, crop insurance against natural disasters, and large subsidies to farmers who cut back production.

Related Terms

Examples of The second Agricultural Adjustment Act in the following topics:

  • Reaction and Recession

    • Still in the midst of the Great Depression, the deepening of the economic crisis allowed the critics of the New Deal to strengthen their opposition to the reform, recovery, and relief programs introduced since 1933.
    • In the months of the 1937-38 recession, the trends reserved rapidly.
    • In the fall of 1937, the Housing Act (known also as the Wagner-Steagall Act) introduced government subsidies for local public housing agencies to improve living conditions for low-income families.
    • In February 1938, Congress passed the second Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), which authorized crop loans, crop insurance against natural disasters, and large subsidies to farmers who cut back production.
    • The second strategy that helped reverse the 1937-38 economic downturn were monetary reforms.

  • The Last of the New Deal Reforms

    • In the fall of 1937, the Housing Act (known also as the Wagner-Steagall Act) introduced government subsidies for local public housing agencies to improve living conditions for low-income families.
    • In February 1938, Congress passed the second Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), which authorized crop loans, crop insurance against natural disasters, and large subsidies to farmers who cut back production.
    • One of the most influential pieces of legislation passed in the final stage of the New Deal was also the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).
    • Historians estimate that the Act's provisions covered not more than 20% of labor force.
    • Also, the ban on child labor introduced in FLSA did not cover agriculture where child labor was rampant.

  • Roosevelt's Second Term

    • Some of the few pieces of legislation were the Housing Act of 1937, a second Agricultural Adjustment Act, and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which created the minimum wage.
    • The Supreme Court became Roosevelt's primary focus during his second term, after the court overturned many of his programs.
    • The minimum wage law of 1938 was the last substantial New Deal reform act passed by Congress.
    • Quezon, the second President of the Philippines, in Washington
    • Discuss the limits on Roosevelt's New Deal efforts during his second term

  • Farm and Rural Programs

    • The Agricultural Adjustment Act, one of the more controversial acts, attempted to plan and regulate the agricultural sector of the economy.
    • One of the New Deal's more contraversial programs was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which attempted to plan and regulate the agricultural sector of the economy.
    • The main point of the case was whether certain provisions of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 conflicted with the Constitution.
    • The intent of the act was to increase the prices of certain farm products by decreasing the quantities produced.
    • Although the Act stimulated American agriculture, it was not without its faults.

  • Agricultural Initiatives and Recovery

    • Because of the war effort, agricultural production and prices were record high.
    • However, in the aftermath of WWI, the agricultural sector began collapsing under the weight of its own success.
    • The legislation that aimed to achieve this goal was the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), one of the New Deal's flagship but also most controversial programs.  
    • In the aftermath of this decision, the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 followed.
    • Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (1936): Allowed the government to pay farmers to reduce production in order to conserve soil and prevent erosion.

  • Launching the New Deal

    • The creation of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (1933).
    • While the Second New Deal was a continuation of the First New Deal, reforms and programs labeled as the Second New Deal were less a result of the earlier sense of emergency and more a reflection of bolder attitudes.  
    • The most important programs of the second stage of the New Deal were:
    • The National Labor Relations Act (1933; known also as the Wagner Act), which established the National Labor Relations Board (1935).
    • The Act remains a groundbreaking statute in the United States labor law.

  • The Great Depression and the New Deal

    • Many historians distinguish a "First New Deal" (1933–34) and a "Second New Deal" (1935–38), with the second one being more liberal and more controversial.
    • The "Second New Deal" in 1935–38 included the Wagner Act to promote labor unions, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) relief program, the Social Security Act, and new programs to aid tenant farmers and migrant workers.
    • The final major items of New Deal legislation were the creation of the United States Housing Authority and Farm Security Administration, both in 1937, and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which set maximum hours and minimum wages for most categories of workers.
    • The Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Administration (NRA) and the first version of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) unconstitutional, although the AAA was rewritten and then upheld.
    • The New Deal regulation of banking (Glass–Steagall Act) was suspended in the 1990s.

  • Relief for the Unemployed

    • The Agricultural Adjustment Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) in May 1933.
    • The act reflected the demands of leaders of major farm organizations and reflected debates among Roosevelt's farm advisers.
    • The AAA established an important and long-lasting federal role in the planning of the agricultural sector of the economy.
    • It was the first program on such a scale on behalf of the troubled agricultural economy.
    • The Farm Tenancy Act was created, which in turn created the Farm Security Administration (FSA), replacing the Resettlement Administration.

  • Competing Solutions

    • First, in 1930, he signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act that raised U.S. tariffs.
    • Second, the Revenue Act of 1932, which was the largest peacetime tax increase in history, increased taxes across the board.
    • Finally, the 1932 Norris-La Guardia Anti-injunction Act supported the organized labor.
    • The creation of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (1933).
    • The Social Security Act (1935) established financial support for dependent minors, the disabled, and the elderly.

  • Challenges to the New Deal

    • However, the Second Deal (1934/5-1938) provoked much more fervent criticism, particularly in conservative circles.
    • Both Republicans and conservative Democrats grew concerned with the expansion of the regulative role of the federal government and the unprecedented impact that the president had on legislation.
    • While the League's members were divided over the National Recovery Administration, they fervently criticized the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (calling it "a trend toward Fascist control of agriculture") and Social Security (which they saw a marking "the end of democracy").
    • The League's lawyers also challenged the 1936 National Labor Relations Act but the Supreme Court upheld its constitutionality.
    • The goal was to change the political balance of the Court and ensure the Court's support for the New Deal legislation.