structural deficit

Examples of structural deficit in the following topics:

• Effect of a Government Budget Deficit on Investment and Equilibrium

  • The consequences of a budget deficit depend on the type of deficit .
  • The structural deficit is the deficit that remains across the business cycle because the general level of government spending exceeds prevailing tax levels.
  • Structural deficits are permanent, and occur when there is an underlying imbalance between revenues and expenses.
  • Unlike the cyclical budget deficit, a structural deficit is the result of discretionary, not automatic, fiscal policy.
  • Although both types of government budget deficits are typically expansionary during a recession, a structural deficit may not always be expansionary when the economy is at full employment.

• Management mistakes and the incompatibility of growth strategies and organizational structure

  • Firms which are still small and striving to grow should choose team structures, or, if necessary, tight centralization as a structure for their organization so that they can handle knowledge management, and decision coordination and implementation better.
  • If growth is achieved by increasing sales volume, start-ups can defer the adjustment of the original organizational structure until decision deficits, such as delays in decision-making, begin to surface.
  • In growing companies, maintaining the same team structures and management generally leads to a loss of coordination.
  • It also postpones the creation of a clear corporate structure.
  • If team structures impede this because they are too slow, they must be replaced by hierarchical structures.

• Financing Balance-of-Payments Deficits and Surpluses

  • Surpluses are easier to finance than the deficits.
  • Government or central bank allows the exchange rate to correct any surpluses or deficits.
  • Unfortunately, the trade deficit initially worsens before improving.
  • For instance, a country is experiencing a balance-of-payments deficit.
  • Investors could utilize money laundering that uses many techniques to structure cash deposits into the banking system, hiding the investors' activities.

• Bernanke Era

  • The Bernanke Era has included challenges faced by the Federal Reserve such as the financial crisis, strengthening federal policy, and reducing the deficit.
  • The primary structural changes include increases in the economic stability of developing nations and the diminished influence of monetary and fiscal policy.
  • In 2010, Bernanke also expressed his views regarding deficit reduction and reforming Social Security/Medicare.
  • He favored reducing the U.S. budget deficit.
  • He stated that reforming Social Security and Medicare entitlement programs would help reduce the deficit.

• Hegemony

  • A nation can exert relational and/or structural power over other nations.
  • The United States possesses both relational and structural powers.
  • A hegemony exceeds relational and structural powers.
  • For now, these pieces of paper have value, but some question whether the U.S. government can finance the dual deficits over a long time period.
  • A hegemony's trade deficits become a money source for the world's economy.

• The Global Economy

  • Traditionally, countries that turned to the IMF had run into trouble because of large government budget deficits and excessive monetary growth -- in short, they were trying to consume more than they could afford based on their income from exports.
  • Often, such problems arose not because of their overall economic management but because of narrower "structural" deficiencies in their economies.
  • In addition, the United States pressed the IMF to require countries to adopt structural reforms.
  • In some cases, the fund eased its demands for deficit reduction so that countries could increase spending on programs designed to alleviate poverty and protect the unemployed.

• Classical Theory of Motivation

  • If there is any deficit on this level, the whole behavior of an individual will be oriented to satisfy this deficit.
  • The theory is sometimes called the "Motivator-Hygiene Theory" or "The Dual Structure Theory. " Herzberg's theory has found application in such occupational fields as information systems and in studies of user satisfaction.

• Congenital Defects

  • The outcome of the disorder will depend on complex interactions between the pre-natal deficit and the post-natal environment.
  • It is now known that many metabolic conditions may have subtle structural expression and structural conditions often have genetic links.
  • Still, congenital conditions are often classified in a structural basis, organized when possible by primary organ system affected.
  • A congenital physical anomaly is an abnormality of the structure of a body part.
  • Many affect the structure of body parts, but some simply affect the function.

• Arguments for and Against Balancing the Budget

  • Balanced budgets, and the associated topic of budget deficits, are a contentious point within both academic economics and politics.
  • There is neither a budget deficit nor a budget surplus; in other words, "the accounts balance. " More generally, it refers to a budget with no deficit, but possibly with a surplus.
  • Balanced budgets, and the associated topic of budget deficits, are a contentious point within academic economics and within politics.
  • In the US, every state other than Vermont has a version of a balanced budget amendment, which prohibits some deficits.
  • During recessions governments should run deficits.

• Disorders of the Basal Ganglia

  • The basal ganglia is a collective group of structures in the brain .
  • Along with other structures, the basal ganglia are part of a circuit that is integral to voluntary motor function.
  • Though there are known causes of dystonia such as metabolic, vascular, and structural abnormalities, there are still patients with dystonia with no apparent cause.
  • Tourette syndrome is a disorder that is characterized by behavioral and motor tics, OCD, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • The image shows 2 coronal slices that have been superimposed to include the involved basal ganglia structures. + and - signs at the point of the arrows indicate respectively whether the pathway is excitatory or inhibitory in effect.