soft money

Examples of soft money in the following topics:

• The Federal Election Campaign Act

  • In 1979, the Commission ruled that political parties could spend unregulated or "soft" money for non-federal administrative and party building activities.
  • Later, this money was used for candidate related issue ads, leading to a substantial increase in soft money contributions and expenditures in elections.
  • The increase of soft money created political pressures that led to passage of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA).
  • The BCRA banned soft money expenditure by parties.
  • Some of the legal limits on giving of "hard money" were also changed in by BCRA.

• The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

  • The Act addresses the increased role of soft money in campaign financing by prohibiting national political party committees from raising or spending funds not subject to federal limits.
  • Soft money refers to "non-federal money" that corporations, unions and individuals contribute to political parties to influence state or local elections.
  • These included "electioneering communication" provisions placing restrictions on using corporate and union treasury funds to disseminate broadcast ads identifying a federal candidate within 30 days of a primary or 60 days of a general election) The court also upheld the "soft money" ban prohibiting the raising or use of these funds in federal elections.

• Campaign Finance Reform

  • ., campaign finance reform is the common term for the political effort to change the involvement of money in political campaigns.
  • The BCRA was a mixed bag for those who wanted to remove big money from politics.
  • It eliminated all soft money donations to the national party committees, but it also doubled the contribution limit of hard money, from $1,000 to $2,000 per election cycle, with a built-in increase for inflation.
  • Another method, which supporters call clean money, clean elections, gives each candidate who chooses to participate a certain, set amount of money.
  • The candidates are not allowed to accept outside donations or to use their own personal money if they receive this public funding.

• Stages of Business Buying

  • Buying one can of soft drink involves little money, and thus little risk.
  • If the decision for a particular brand of soft drink was not right, there are minimal implications.

• Introduction to Ongoing Measurement and Record-Keeping

  • In 1979, Sierra Nevada Brewing Company founders Ken Grossman and Paul Camusi cobbled together a brewery using second-hand dairy tanks, equipment salvaged from defunct beer businesses, and a soft-drink bottling machine.
  • Chastain has discovered, it's difficult, if not impossible, to know how much waste a company produces, how much waste it has eliminated, or how much money it has saved without accurate, ongoing record-keeping.

• Mining on the Comstock Lode

  • All of them knew they did not have the money or expertise to investigate the strike thoroughly.
  • The ore was so soft it could be removed by shovel.

• The Money Multiplier in Theory

  • The money multiplier measures the maximum amount of commercial bank money that can be created by a given unit of central bank money.
  • In order to understand the money multiplier, it's important to understand the difference between commercial bank money and central bank money.
  • When you think of money, what you probably imagine is commercial bank money.
  • The money multiplier measures the maximum amount of commercial bank money that can be created by a given unit of central bank money.
  • We can derive the money multiplier mathematically, writing M for commercial bank money (loans), R for reserves (central bank money), and RR for the reserve ratio.

• The Definition of Money

  • Money comes in three forms: commodity money, fiat money, and fiduciary money.
  • The commodity itself constitutes the money, and the money is the commodity.
  • Paper money is an example of fiat money.
  • However, for most of history, almost all money was commodity money, such as gold and silver coins.
  • The status of money as legal tender means that money can be used for the discharge of debts.

• Understanding the Cost of Money

  • The cost of money is the opportunity cost of holding money instead of investing it, depending on the rate of interest.
  • The concept of the cost of money has its basis, as does the subject of finance in general, in the time value of money.
  • The cost of money is the opportunity cost of holding money in hands instead of investing it.
  • The trade-off between money now (holding money) and money later (investing) depends on, among other things, the rate of interest that can be earned by investing.
  • The cost of money is the opportunity cost of holding money in hands instead of investing it.

• Measuring the Money Supply

  • In economics, the money supply or money stock, is the total amount of money available in an economy at a specific time.
  • In economics, the money supply or money stock, is the total amount of money available in an economy at a specific time.
  • In economics, the monetary base (also base money, money base, high-powered money, reserve money, or, in the UK, narrow money) is a term relating to (but not being equivalent to) the money supply (or money stock) or the amount of money in the economy.
  • M2: Represents money and "close substitutes" for money.
  • In economics, the money supply or money stock, is the total amount of money available in an economy at a specific time.