Silver Republicans

(noun)

A faction of the Republican party active in the 1890s, named for its support of "Free Silver" and bimetallism, while most Republicans supported the gold standard. Silver Republicans were elected to congress from the western states and supported William Jennings Bryan over William McKinley in the 1896 presidential election.

Related Terms

  • People's Party

Examples of Silver Republicans in the following topics:

  • Silverties Versus Goldbugs

    • William Jennings Bryan, who took over leadership of the Democratic Party in 1896 as well as the Populist and Silver Republican Parties, demanded bimetallism and "Free Silver. " The Republican Party nominated William McKinley on a platform supporting the gold standard which was favored by financial interests on the east coast.
    • A faction of Republicans from western silver mining regions known as the Silver Republicans endorsed Bryan.
    • Silverites belonged to a number of political parties, including the Silver Party, Populist Party, Democratic Party, and the Silver Republican Party.
    • The Silverites advocated free coinage of silver.
    • Many Silverites were from the West, where silver was mined.
  • The Economy and the Silver Solution

    • Proponents of "free silver" believed that the United States economy should be based on silver instead of gold.
    • Supporters of Free Silver were called "Silverites".
    • Everyone agreed that free silver would raise prices.
    • Free silver advocates wanted the mints to accept silver on the same principle, so that anyone would be able to deposit silver bullion at a Mint and in return receive nearly its weight in silver dollars and other currency.
    • Outside the mining states of the West, the Republican Party steadfastly opposed Free Silver, arguing that the best road to national prosperity was "sound money," or gold, which was central to international trade.
  • The People's Party and the Election of 1896

    • Many Republicans in the western states, dismayed by the strong allegiance of eastern Republicans to the gold standard, considered forming their own party.
    • When the Republicans nominated former Ohio Governor William McKinley for president in June 1896 and passed at his request a platform strongly supporting the gold standard, a number of "Silver Republicans" walked out of the convention.
    • Silver forces were supported by the Democratic National Bimetallic Committee, the umbrella group formed in 1895 to support silver Democrats in their insurgency against Cleveland.
    • In the address, Bryan supported bimetallism or "free silver," which he believed would bring the nation prosperity.
    • He lost to Republican William McKinley by a margin of 600,000 votes, losing again in a 1900 rematch by a larger margin.
  • The Populist Party and the Election of 1896

    • He gave speeches, organized meetings, and adopted resounding resolutions that eventually culminated in the founding of the American Bimetallic League, which then evolved into the National Bimetallic Union, and finally the National Silver Committee.
    • The ultimate goal of the League was to garner support on a national level for the reinstatement of the coinage of silver.
    • Jones of the St Louis Post-Dispatch was put on the platform committee and Bryan's plank for free silver was adopted sixteen to one, and silently added to the Chicago Democratic Platform in order to avoid controversy.
    • Bryan delivered speeches across the country for free silver from 1894 to 1896, building a grass-roots reputation as a powerful champion of the cause.
    • In a test vote on an anti-silver measure, the Eastern states (from Maryland to Maine), with 28% of the delegates, voted 96% in favor of gold.
  • Economic Conditions

    • This angered proponents of the free coinage of silver known as the "Silverites."
    • Free silver advocates wanted the mints to accept silver on the same principle, so that anyone would be able to deposit silver bullion at a Mint and in return receive nearly its weight in silver dollars and other currency.
    • Agrarian spokesmen in the West and South demanded a return to the unlimited coinage of silver.
    • Despite carrying most of the South and West, Bryan lost the more populated, industrial North and East—and the election—to the Republican William McKinley whose campaign slogan was "A Full Dinner Pail."
    • A 1896 Republican poster warns against free silver.
  • The Sectional Crisis Deepens

    • Between 1854 and 1856 alone, an abundance of new political parties and organizations emerged, including the Republicans, the People's Party, Anti-Nebraskans, Fusionists, Know-Nothings, the Temperance Movement, Hard Shell Democrats, Rum Democrats, and Silver Gray Whigs.
    • The Republicans became the party of the North, promoting industry and business while also attracting antislavery factions.
    • The core platform of the Republican Party was opposition to the expansion of slavery into new territories in order to protect the interests of yeoman farmers and industrialists seeking new land and investments.
    • By the election of 1860, these political camps were firmly aligned with Northern and Southern interests, with Southern states whipping up public support for state conventions to vote on secession if Abraham Lincoln and the Republicans won the presidency.
    • Abraham Lincoln became the first Republican president of the United States following a period of increased sectional conflict among and within existing American political parties.
  • Silver

    • Dilute silver nitrate solutions and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides.
    • Silver sulfide also forms silver whiskers when silver electrical contacts are used in an atmosphere rich in hydrogen sulfide.
    • Silver chloride (AgCl) is precipitated from solutions of silver nitrate in the presence of chloride ions.
    • Other dangerously explosive silver compounds are silver azide (AgN3), formed by reaction of silver nitrate with sodium azide (NaN3), and silver acetylide, formed when silver reacts with acetylene gas.
    • Silver cyanide solutions are used in electroplating of silver.
  • Republican Reform Under Harrison

    • Civil service reform, pension reform, and the "Billion Dollar Congress" characterized the Harrison administration's Republican reforms.
    • The 1888 election for president of the United States saw Grover Cleveland of New York, the incumbent president and a Democrat, try to secure a second term against the Republican nominee, Benjamin Harrison, a former U.S.
    • On the other hand, he held a strong hand in the South and border states, and appealed to former Republican Mugwumps.
    • Emboldened by their success in the elections of 1888, the Republicans enacted virtually their entire platform during their first 303-day session, including a measure that provided American Civil War veterans with generous pensions and expanded the list of eligible recipients to include noncombatants and the children of veterans.
    • The Sherman Antitrust Act, which prohibited business combinations that restricted trade, and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which required the U.S. government to mint silver were both authored by Senator John Sherman.
  • Depression Politics

    • The midterm elections of 1894 brought a major Republican victory and fragmented the Democratic Party.
    • House election of 1894 was a realigning election—a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive Election of 1896.
    • The Democrats lost 125 seats in the election while the Republicans gained 130 seats.
    • The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground, outside Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas where state-level fusion with the Republicans was successful despite Populist and Republican antagonism at the national level.
    • The President, a staunch believer in the gold standard, refused to inflate the money supply with silver, thus alienating the agrarian populist wing of the Democratic Party.
  • The Farm Problem and Agrarian Protest Movements

    • The pragmatic portion of the Populist platform focused on issues of land, railroads, and money, including the unlimited coinage of silver.
    • It was the currency question, however, pitting advocates of silver against those who favored gold, that soon overshadowed all other issues.
    • Agrarian spokesmen in the West and South demanded a return to the unlimited coinage of silver.
    • The Democratic Party, which supported silver and free trade, absorbed the remnants of the Populist movement as the presidential elections of 1896 neared.
    • Despite carrying the South and all the West except California and Oregon, Bryan lost the more populated, industrial North and East—and the election—to the Republican William McKinley with his campaign slogan "A Full Dinner Pail".
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