rett syndrome

(noun)

a neurodevelopmental disorder of the grey matter of the brain that almost exclusively affects females, but has also been found in male patients

Related Terms

Examples of rett syndrome in the following topics:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Autism and ADHD

    • Some, like Down Syndrome, cause intellectual deficits, while others specifically affect communication, learning, or the motor system.
    • Patients with some forms of the disorder (e.g., Fragile X syndrome) also have intellectual disability.
    • Except for some well-characterized, clearly-genetic forms of autism (e.g., Fragile X and Rett Syndrome), the causes of ASD are largely unknown.

  • Down Syndrome

    • Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.
    • This is the cause of 1–2% of the observed Down syndromes.
    • Translocation Down syndrome is often referred to as familial Down syndrome.
    • It is the cause of 2–3% of observed cases of Down syndrome.
    • Many standard prenatal screens can discover Down syndrome.

  • Horner's Syndrome

    • Horner's syndrome may also occur during a migraine attack and resolve after the migraine.
    • Treatment of Horner's syndrome requires that the underlying cause of the syndrome be identified.
    • Horner's syndrome is more of a symptom than an actual, independent disease.
    • The numbers indicate sites of possible lesions on the nerves that cause Horner's syndrome.
    • This patient exhibits Horner's syndrome on the left side of face.

  • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

    • Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is the most common persistent fatigue syndrome that affects people.
    • Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is the most common name used to designate a significantly debilitating medical disorder or group of disorders.
    • The disorder may also be referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS), chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome (CFIDS), or several other terms.
    • An Australian prospective study found that after infection by viral and non-viral pathogens, a sub-set of individuals met the criteria for CFS, with the researchers concluding that "post-infective fatigue syndrome is a valid illness model for investigating one pathophysiological pathway to CFS".

  • Compartment Syndrome

    • Compartment syndrome most often involves the forearm and lower leg, and can be acute or chronic.
    • When compartment syndrome is caused by repetitive use of the muscles, as in a cyclist, it is known as chronic compartment syndrome.
    • Chronic compartment syndrome in the lower leg can be treated conservatively or surgically.
    • Chronic compartment syndrome can develop into the acute syndrome.
    • A fasciotomy is a surgical treatment for compartment syndrome.

  • Patellofemoral Stress Syndrome

    • Patellofemoral pain syndrome is discomfort originating from the contact of the posterior of the patella (kneecap) with the femur.
    • Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a syndrome characterized by pain or discomfort seemingly originating from the contact of the posterior surface of the patella (back of the kneecap) with the femur (thigh bone).
    • Secondary causes of PF Syndrome are fractures, internal knee derangement, osteoarthritis of the knee, and bony tumors in or around the knee.
    • Specific populations at high risk of primary PF Syndrome include runners, basketball players, young athletes, and females; especially those who have an increased angle of genu valgus (commonly referred to as "knock-knees").
    • Patellofemoral pain syndrome may also result from overuse or overload of the PF joint.

  • Acute Radiation Damage

    • Acute radiation syndrome or damage describes health effects present within 24 hours of exposure to high amounts of ionizing radiation.
    • Treatment of acute radiation syndrome is generally supportive with blood transfusions and antibiotics.
    • Similar symptoms may appear months to years after exposure as chronic radiation syndrome when the dose rate is too low to cause the acute form.
    • These diseases are sometimes referred to as radiation sickness, but they are never included in the term acute radiation syndrome.
    • A photograph of an 11-year-old girl, who was 2 kilometers away from the Hiroshima bombing site, recovering from acute radiation syndrome.

  • Marfan Syndrome

    • Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue.
    • Marfan syndrome has a range of expressions, from mild to severe.
    • Many individuals with Marfan syndrome grow to above-average height.
    • Marfan syndrome can also seriously affect the eyes and vision.
    • Marfan syndrome is a risk factor for spontaneous pneumothorax.

  • Sjögren's Syndrome

    • Sjögren's syndrome, also known as "Mikulicz disease" and "Sicca syndrome," is a systemic autoimmune disease in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.
    • The hallmark symptoms of Sjögren's syndrome are dry eyes and dry mouth.
    • Sjögren's syndrome can exist as a disorder in its own right, as primary Sjögren's syndrome, or may develop years after the onset of another autoimmune rheumatic disorder, as secondary Sjögren's syndrome.
    • Producing less than five millimeters of liquid is usually indicative of Sjögren's syndrome.
    • If lesions are observed within the salivary glands, it is strongly indicative of Sjögren's syndrome.

  • Edema Caused by Loss of Plasma Proteins

    • The nephrotic syndrome usually results in the excretion of about 3.0 to 3.5 grams per 24 hours.
    • By contrast, in nephritic syndrome RBCs pass through the pores, causing hematuria.
    • Lipiduria (lipids in urine) can also occur, but is not essential for the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.
    • Nephrotic syndrome is often classified histologically.
    • The prognosis depends on the cause of nephrotic syndrome.