redundancy

Examples of redundancy in the following topics:

• Structural holes

  • Dyadic redundancy means that ego's tie to alter is "redundant."
  • The larger the proportion of others in the neighborhood who are tied to a given "alter," the more "redundant" is ego's direct tie.
  • A's network size is three, but the ties are "redundant" because A can reach all three neighbors by reaching any one of them.
  • So, the effective size of the network is its actual size (3), reduced by its redundancy (2), to yield an efficient size of 1.
  • That is, what proportion of ego's ties to its neighborhood are "non-redundant."

• Building the commitment for change (a summation)

  • Explain and show that every redundant employee will be reassigned and retrained.

• Job security and people

  • Laying off workers is a time honoured practice undertaken by many companies in order to survive difficulttimes, but making workers redundant costs money.
  • Instead of handing out redundancy notices during hard times, the 81-year-old grocery store refrains from replacing employees who leave.

• Blood Flow in the Brain

  • Key of which is the circle of Willis, a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and surrounding structures whilst providing redundancy in case of any interruption.

• Aliasing

  • We can sample at a finer interval without introducing any error; the samples will be redundant, of course.

• Defining and Measuring Income Inequality

  • The gaps between two entropies is called redundancy, which acts as a negative entropy measure in the system.
  • Redundancy in some individuals implies scarcity of resources for others.
  • Comparing these gaps and inequality levels (high entropy or high redundancy) is the basic premise behind the Theil Index.

• Transcription in Prokaryotes

  • Degeneracy is the redundancy of the genetic code.
  • The genetic code has redundancy, but no ambiguity.
  • For example, although codons GAA and GAG both specify glutamic acid (redundancy), neither of them specifies any other amino acid (no ambiguity).

• Choosing Team Size and Team Members

  • Having members with different skill sets also reduces redundancies and allows for the more efficient assignment of people to various teams.

• Providing National Security

  • ensuring the resilience and redundancy of critical infrastructure; using intelligence services to detect and defeat or avoid threats and espionage, and to protect classified information;

• Taking it to the next level

  • Waste can acquire countless non-physical forms including: fraud, unnecessary risk, damages, preventable financial claims, investment losses, human error, weaknesses (or redundancies) in processing systems, poor service, lawsuits, bad customer relations, etc. – all of which can,and do, waste huge amounts of money.