pheromone

Examples of pheromone in the following topics:

• Animal Communication and Living in Groups

  • Animals communicate using signals, which can be chemical (pheromones), aural (sound), visual (courtship displays), or tactile (touch).
  • These signals are chemical (pheromones), aural (sound), visual (courtship and aggressive displays), or tactile (touch).
  • A pheromone is a secreted, chemical signal used to obtain a response from another individual of the same species.
  • The purpose of pheromones is to elicit a specific behavior from the receiving individual.
  • Even humans are thought to respond to certain pheromones called axillary steroids.

• Biological Influences on Sexual Motivation

  • A pheromone is a secreted or excreted chemical factor, usually in the form of a scent, that triggers a social response in members of the same species.
  • In animals and insects, sex pheromones indicate the availability of the female for breeding.
  • Male animals may also emit pheromones that convey information about their species and genotype .
  • While most research on pheromones has been conducted on animals and insects, smell and body odor is known to play a role in sociosexual behavior of humans.
  • This fanning honeybee exposes its Nasonov gland (seen in white at the tip of the abdomen), releasing pheromones to entice its mate.

• Excretion and Absorption

  • Apocrine sweat glands are mainly thought to function as olfactory pheromones, chemicals important in attracting a potential mate.

• Pollination by Bats, Birds, Wind, and Water

  • Chiloglottis trapeziformis emits a compound that smells the same as the pheromone emitted by a female wasp to attract male wasps.
  • The flower of this orchid mimics the appearance of a female wasp and emits a pheromone.

• Olfaction: The Nasal Cavity and Smell

  • Pheromones are airborne, often odorless molecules that are crucial to the behavior of many animals.
  • Recent research shows that pheromones play a role in human attraction to potential mates, the synchronization of menstrual cycles among women, and the detection of moods and fear in others.

• Quorum Sensing

  • Bacteria that use quorum sensing constitutively produce and secrete certain signaling molecules (called autoinducers or pheromones).

• Esters

  • Esters are typically fragrant, and those with low enough molecular weights to be volatile are commonly used as perfumes and are found in essential oils and pheromones.

• Overview of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems

  • Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system.

• Vulva

  • Slightly below and to the left and right of the vaginal opening are two Bartholin glands which produce a waxy, pheromone-containing substance, the purpose of which is not yet fully known.