Nucleation

(noun)

In the context of freezing, nucleation is the localized budding of a crystalline solid structure.

Related Terms

  • Freezing

Examples of Nucleation in the following topics:

  • Liquid to Solid Phase Transition

    • Crystallization consists of two major events: nucleation and crystal growth.
    • In the presence of irregularities on the surface of the containing vessel, solid or gaseous impurities, pre-formed solid crystals, or other nucleators, heterogeneous nucleation may occur.
    • Heterogeneous nucleation is when nucleation occurs on a surface that the substance is in contact with.
    • However, in the absence of nucleators water can supercool to -40 °C (-40 °F, 233 K) before freezing.
    • When sugar is supersaturated in water, nucleation will occur, allowing sugar molecules to stick together and form large crystal structures.
  • Serosa

    • The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (simple squamous epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid.
  • Centrosome

    • The PCM contains proteins responsible for microtubule nucleation and anchoring.
    • In mitosis the nuclear membrane breaks down and the centrosome nucleated microtubules (parts of the cytoskeleton) can interact with the chromosomes to build the mitotic spindle .
  • Red Blood Cells

    • Only mammals have anucleated red blood cells; however, some mammals (camels, for instance) have nucleated red blood cells.
    • The advantage of nucleated red blood cells is that these cells can undergo mitosis.
  • Serous Membranes

    • The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (simple squamous epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid.
  • Cytokine Therapy

    • Virtually all nucleated cells, but especially endo/epithelial cells and resident macrophages (many near the interface with the external environment) are potent producers of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α.
  • Natural Killer Cells

    • MHC I molecules are proteins on the surfaces of all nucleated cells which help the immune system distinguish between "self" and "non-self."
  • Bone Tissue and the Effects of Aging

    • The osteoclasts are multi-nucleated cells that contain numerous mitochondria and lysosomes .
  • Cytokines and Chemokines

    • Virtually all nucleated cells, but especially endo/epithelial cells and resident macrophages (many near the interface with the external environment), are potent producers of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha.
  • Muscle Development

    • Muscle fibers form from the fusion of myoblasts into multi-nucleated fibers (called myotubes).
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