mismatch repair

(noun)

a system for recognizing and repairing some forms of DNA damage and erroneous insertion, deletion, or mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination

Related Terms

  • nucleotide excision repair

Examples of mismatch repair in the following topics:

  • DNA Repair

    • Some errors are not corrected during replication, but are instead corrected after replication is completed; this type of repair is known as mismatch repair .
    • How do mismatch repair enzymes recognize which of the two bases is the incorrect one?
    • In mismatch repair, the incorrectly-added base is detected after replication.
    • The mismatch-repair proteins detect this base and remove it from the newly-synthesized strand by nuclease action.
    • Nucleotide excision repairs thymine dimers.
  • Mutation

    • The mutants may also be counter-selected due to presence of a mismatch repair system which favors the methylated template DNA.
  • Dead Space: V/Q Mismatch

    • Dead space is a broken down or blocked region of the lung that produces a mismatch of air and blood in the lungs (V/Q mismatch).
    • This is referred to as ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch.
    • There are two types of V/Q mismatch that produce dead space.
    • The lung has the capability to compensate for mismatches in ventilation and perfusion.
    • Compare and contrast anatomical and physiological dead space and their role in V/Q mismatch
  • Operations management provides competitive advantage!

    • Toshiba needs to provide a repair service to its laptop computer customers.
    • The old approach of providing this service was cumbersome and time-consuming: (1) Customers had pick up their computers, (2) delivered the computers to Toshiba, (3) Toshiba repaired the computers, (4) picked up the repaired computers and delivered them back to the customers.
    • United Parcel Service hired, trained, and certified its own employees to repair Toshiba laptop computers.
    • The new repair process is much more efficient: (1) picks up computers from Toshiba owners, (2) repairs the computers, (3) delivers the computers back to their owners.
    • The total time to get a computer repaired is now about two days.
  • Supporting and Conflicting Substituent Effects

    • In reaction B the β-polar substituent of the aldehyde is mismatched in this respect, but has little effect on the overall diastereoselectivity.
    • In reaction C the α-substituent of the aldehyde is mismatched, leading to dominance of the anti-Felkin-Ahn product.
    • Finally, reaction D shows the results of a fully mismatched combination, which even produces a small amount of syn-aldol product (not shown).
    • Reactions B and C are the partially mismatched cases, and D shows a mixture of products from the fully mismatched combination.
    • The remarkable influence of a β-polar substituent on the aldehyde is again shown in reaction C, where a strong shift to Felkin-Ahn addition occurs, despite the mismatched β-methyl substituent.
  • Reporting Contingencies

    • For example, to accrue a provision for product warranty costs, assume that minor repairs cost 5% of the total product sales and an estimated 5% of products may require minor repairs within 1 year of sale.
    • Major repairs cost 20% and 1% of products may require major repairs in 3 years.
    • The provision is calculated by multiplying 5% of total product cost by 5% of products needing minor repair and then adding 20% of cost for major repair, multiplied by 1% of products needing major repair.
    • The amount for repairs occurring in year one is reported in the current liability section of the balance sheet; the portion relating to major repairs in three years is disclosed as long-term liability.
    • As the warranty claims are made, the liability account is debited and cash is credited for the cost of the repair.
  • Types of Unemployment: Frictional, Structural, Cyclical

    • There is a mismatch between the skills of the unemployed workers and the skills needed for the jobs that are available.
    • It occurs when there is a mismatch between the workers and jobs.
    • The mismatch can be related to skills, payment, work time, location, seasonal industries, attitude, taste, and other factors.
  • Reasons for Unemployment

    • Frictional unemployment exists because both jobs and workers are heterogenous, and a mismatch can result between the characteristics of supply and demand.
    • Such a mismatch can be related to skills, payment, work-time, location, seasonal industries, attitude, taste, and a multitude of other factors.
    • Structural unemployment is a form of unemployment where, at a given wage, the quantity of labor supplied exceeds the quantity of labor demanded, because there is a fundamental mismatch between the number of people who want to work and the number of jobs that are available.
  • Valuing Repairs, Maintenance, and Additions

    • Such expenditures cancel a part of the existing accumulated depreciation; firms often call them extraordinary repairs.
    • Assume now that USD 6,000 in repairs expense is incurred for a plant asset that originally cost USD 40,000 and had a useful life of four years and no estimated salvage value.
    • The company capitalized the USD 6,000 that should have been charged to repairs expense in 2010.
    • The failure to perform needed repairs could lead to asset deterioration and, ultimately, asset impairment.
    • Therefore, asset repairs and maintenance are expensed on the income statement at the market value paid for the services rendered.
  • Bone Remodeling and Repair

    • Bone is remodeled through the continual replacement of old bone tissue, as well as repaired when fractured.
    • The repair tissue between the broken bone ends, the fibrocartilaginous callus, is composed of both hyaline and fibrocartilage .
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