"Land Grant Colleges"

Examples of "Land Grant Colleges" in the following topics:

• Higher Education

  • The Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act of 1862 provided for the establishment of public colleges for "liberal and practical education".
  • The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862 that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges.
  • Though the 1890 Act granted cash instead of land, it granted colleges under that act the same legal standing as the 1862 Act colleges; hence, the term "land-grant college" properly applies to both groups.
  • The 1890 act created all-black land grant colleges that were dedicated primarily to teacher training.
  • By 1875 the compulsory labor requirement was dropped, but male students were to have an hour a day of military training in order to meet the requirements of the Morrill Land Grant College Act.

• Higher Education

  • The Morrill Land-Grant College Act was a U.S. statute signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862, that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges.
  • With a few exceptions, including Cornell University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, nearly all of the Land-Grant Colleges are public.
  • Cornell University, while private, administers several state-supported contract colleges that fulfill its public land-grant mission to the state of New York.
  • By 1875, the compulsory labor requirement was dropped, but male students were to have an hour a day of military training in order to meet the requirements of the Morrill Land-Grant College Act.
  • Kansas State University was the first college funded by land grants under the Morrill Act of 1862.

• Education and the Professions

  • Engineering colleges were established to feed the enormous demand for expertise.
  • States used federal funding from the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts of 1862 and 1890 to set up "land grant colleges" that specialized in agriculture and engineering.
  • The 1890 act created all-black land grant colleges, which were dedicated primarily to teacher training.
  • Among the first land-grant colleges were Purdue University, Michigan State University, Kansas State University, Cornell University (in New York), Texas A&M University, Pennsylvania State University, The Ohio State University and the University of California.
  • Indeed, the land-grant college system produced the agricultural scientists and industrial engineers who constituted the critical human resource of the managerial revolution in government and business from 1862 to 1917.

• Early Farm Policy

  • During the colonial period of America's history, the British Crown carved land up into huge chunks, which it granted to private companies or individuals.
  • These grantees divided the land further and sold it to others.
  • When independence from England came in 1783, America's Founding Fathers needed to develop a new system of land distribution.
  • Another law enacted the same year set aside a portion of federal land to generate income to build what became known as land-grant colleges in the various states.
  • The endowment of public colleges and universities through the Morrill Act led to new opportunities for education and training in the so-called practical arts, including farming.

• Government During the War

  • Prior to secession, the South had resisted policies that would hurt the plantation economy, including tariffs to promote industry and land grants for family farms.
  • The government provided land grants to railroad companies and issued government bonds for financing.
  • The 1862 Homestead Act opened up public-domain lands for family farms at no cost.
  • This act was unpopular among Southern slaveholders, who wanted to see more land dedicated to plantations.
  • The government also sponsored agricultural training programs during this period, through the newly established Department of Agriculture and the Morrill Land Grant College Act.

• Educational Reforms

  • The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are U.S. statutes signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862, that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges.
  • On February 8, 1853, the Illinois Legislature adopted a resolution, drafted by Turner, calling for the Illinois congressional delegation to work to enact a land-grant bill to fund a system of industrial colleges—one in each state.
  • The land-grant college system produced the agricultural scientists and industrial engineers who were critical to the managerial revolution in government and business of 1862–1917, and laid the foundation for a preeminent educational infrastructure that supported the world's foremost technology-based economy.
  • A second Morrill Act was later introduced in 1890 that required each state to show that race was not an admissions criterion, or else to designate a separate land-grant institution for persons of color.
  • Among the 70 colleges and universities that eventually evolved from the Morrill Acts are several of today's "Historically Black Colleges and Universities" (HBCUs).

• Education Policy

  • Private schools continued to spread during this time, as well as colleges and—in the rural centers—land grant colleges.
  • Board of Education made the desegregation of elementary and high schools a national priority, while the Pell Grant program helped poor minorities gain access to college.
  • The 2010 unemployment rate for high school graduates was 10.8%; the rate for college graduates was 4.9%.
  • The federal Pell Grant program provides funding for students who demonstrate financial need.
  • Cost of US college education relative to the consumer price index (inflation).

• Women and Education

  • Beginning in 1844, Hillsdale College became the second college to admit mixed-gender classes to four-year degree programs.
  • The University of Iowa became the first coeducational public or state university in the United States in 1855, and for much of the next century, public universities (and land-grant universities in particular) would lead the way in mixed-gender higher education.
  • Around the same time, women-only colleges were also appearing.
  • Notable examples include the prestigious Seven Sisters; within this association of colleges, Vassar College is now coeducational and Radcliffe College has merged with Harvard University.
  • Other notable women's colleges that have become coeducational include Wheaton College in Massachusetts; Ohio Wesleyan Female College in Ohio; Skidmore College, Wells College, and Sarah Lawrence College in New York state; Goucher College in Maryland; and Connecticut College.

• Teaching at Community Colleges

  • Community colleges provide higher education services, granting certificates, associate's degrees, and offer continuing and adult education.
  • These institutions grant certificates, diplomas, and associate's degrees.
  • On average classes at a four-year college are more expensive than classes at a community college.
  • In addition, many colleges offer and accept scholarships or educational grants.
  • Joliet Junior College Main Campus, in Joliet, Illinois the first Community College in the U.S.

• Teaching AP Classes

  • The College Board's Advanced Placement Program is an extensive program that offers high school students the chance to participate in what the College Board describes as college level classes for a fee, reportedly broadening students' intellectual horizons and preparing them for college work.
  • Granting credit, however, is at the discretion of the college.
  • There are 2,900 colleges that grant credit and/or advanced standing.
  • American colleges often grant placement and course credit to students who obtain scores above a certain level on the examinations.
  • The College Board has a panel of experts and college-level educators who create the AP curriculum for each subject.