Informal Economies

Examples of Informal Economies in the following topics:

• Informal Economy

  • This is in contrast to the formal economy; a formal economy includes economic activity that is legal according to national law.
  • Informal economies are frequently less institutionalized and include all economic practices that are not included in the calculation of GNP.
  • Informal economies therefore include such disparate practices as the drug trade and babysitting—anything that isn't reported to the government or factored into the nation's GNP .
  • All economies have informal elements.
  • Analyze the impact of the informal economy on formal economy, such as the black market or working "under the table"

• Informal economy

  • An informal economy is economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government and is contrasted with the formal economy as described above.
  • The informal economy is thus not included in a government's Gross National Product or GNP.
  • Although the informal economy is often associated with developing countries, all economic systems contain an informal economy in some proportion.
  • Informal economic activity is a dynamic process which includes many aspects of economic and social theory including exchange, regulation, and enforcement.
  • The term black market refers to a specific subset of the informal economy.

• The Economy

  • France is an example of a largely socialist economy.
  • Economies can be divided into formal economies and informal economies.
  • Informal economies are frequently less institutionalized and include all economic practices that are neither taxed nor monitored by a government.
  • Economies are fundamentally social systems.
  • Informal economic activity is a dynamic process which includes many aspects of economic and social theory: exchange, regulation, and enforcement.

• Informal Communication

  • Informal communication occurs outside an organization's established channels for conveying messages and transmitting information.
  • Informal communication frequently crosses boundaries within an organization and is commonly separate from work flows.
  • Informal communication, on the other hand, can occur in any direction and take place between individuals of different status and roles.

• Informal Means of Control

  • Informal social control refers to the reactions of individuals and groups that bring about conformity to norms and laws.
  • Informal controls are varied and differ from individual to individual, group to group, and society to society.
  • Informal social control—the reactions of individuals and groups that bring about conformity to norms and laws—includes peer and community pressure, bystander intervention in a crime, and collective responses such as citizen patrol groups.
  • Informal sanctions may include shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism, and disapproval.
  • Informal controls differ from individual to individual, group to group, and society to society.

• Informal Social Control

  • Informal control typically involves an individual internalizing certain norms and values.
  • Informal sanctions may include shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism, and disapproval, which can cause an individual to conform to the social norms of the society.
  • Informal social control has the potential to have a greater impact on an individual than formal control.
  • Informal sanctions check 'deviant' behavior.

• Social Control

  • Informal sanctions can have a powerful effect; individuals internalize the norm, which becomes an aspect of personality.
  • Thus, the social control lessons learned in school may prepare students, for example, to be a docile proletariat in a capitalist economy.

• Informal Communications

  • Informal communication is established around the societal affiliation of members of an organization and is spread through the 'grapevine'.
  • Informal communication contains facts, deceptions, rumors, and unclear data.
  • Informal communication is implicit, spontaneous, multidimensional, and diverse.
  • Informal communication does not follow authority lines as in the case of formal communication.
  • Informal communication can take place in a variety of settings, but around the water cooler is one of the most popular.

• Informal Groups

  • Informal groups are small groups that share interests, knowledge, and activities for the purpose of meeting mutual needs.
  • Informal groups are comprised of a small number of people who participate in common activities, share feelings, and have similar interests.
  • Informal groups also have potential disadvantages.

• Sanctions

  • Informal sanctions may include shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism, and disapproval.
  • Informal sanctions can check deviant behavior of individuals or groups, either through internalization, or through disincentivizing the deviant behavior.
  • Informal controls are varied and differ from individual to individual, group to group, and society to society.